![](/img/foto/znak_otkr.jpg)
Address: Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V.Lomonosov, office 1425
Phone: +7 (8182) 21-61-18
E-mail: forest@narfu.ru
http://lesnoizhurnal.ru/en/
|
Forest Typologies in the Russian Federation. C. 9-30
|
![Версия для печати](/img/print.png) |
V.V. Fomin, N.S. Ivanova, S.V. Zalesov, A.S. Popov, A.P. Mikhailovich
UDС
630*187
DOI:
10.37482/0536-1036-2023-6-9-30
Abstract
The aim of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the main Russian forest type classifications: forest-ecological classification by E.V. Alekseev – P.S. Pogrebnyak, phytocoenotic classification by V.N. Sukachev, genetic classification by B.A. Ivashkevich – B.P. Kolesnikov and dynamic one by I.S. Melekhov. The comparison is made on the following positions: the content of the concept of classification unit (type of habitat conditions, forest type); peculiarities of the classification unit boundary; classification features for determining the type of habitat conditions; distinctive features of phytocenosis classification for establishing the forest type; the degree of consideration of successional dynamics of forest plantations and the influence of anthropogenic factors; the level of implementation in forestry practice and regions of implementation. It is established that during the development of forest typologies the idea of forest type changed from a forest area that is homogeneous in composition, structure and appearance (homogeneity in space) in natural classifications to the idea of forest type with the priority of homogeneity in origin (genesis), development processes and dynamics (homogeneity in time) in comparison with the homogeneity of composition and structure in genetic and dynamic typologies. The geographical distribution of forest-ecological, phytocenotic and genetic classifications of forest types in the Russian Federation at the present moment is given. Forest-ecological classifications are used mainly in the southern regions of the European Russia and in the North Caucasus. Forest typologies based on the genetic approach to forest type classification are used in Western Siberia, in the south of the Far East and Eastern Siberia, and in some regions of the Urals. In the rest of the Russian Federation, phytocenotic classifications of forest types are used. The unification of existing typologies into a single classification is possible on the basis of the genetic approach, as natural typologies within the framework of this approach can be a component of genetic classifications. The solution of the problem of combining the use of different typologies in one region will provide the level of forest inventory, allowing to optimize forest management and compare the obtained data both for the subjects of the Russian Federation and for the country as a whole.
Acknowledgements: The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR grant No. 20-14-50422), by grants of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (FEUG 2023-0002, FEUZ 2023-0023) and within the framework of the state assignment of the Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The authors thank the staff of the branches of FGBI "Roslesinforg": "Amurlesproekt", Bashkir branch, Buryat branch, "Voronezhlesproekt", Vyatka branch, "Dallesproekt", Kazan branch, "Karellesproekt", Kamchatka branch, branch for the Republic of Mari-El, Omsk branch, Penza branch, Perm branch, "Pribaikallesproekt", Primorsky branch, Komi Republic branch, Ryazan branch, Tver branch, "Tsentrlesproekt" – for information on the use of forest typological classifications in the regions, and also express their gratitude to individual employees: Khrebtov A.G., Korsikov R.S. and Solodko V.I. ("Zapsiblesproekt"), Nifnevich A.E. ("Vostsiblesproekt"), Protchenko G.K. ("Moslesproekt"), Petukhov N.V. ("Povolzhsky lesproekt"), Shusharin A.P. ("Sevlesproekt"), Lobanov A.I. ("Sevzaplesproekt"), Torkhov S.V. (Arkhangelsk branch).
Authors
Valery V. Fomin1*, Doctor of Biology, Assoc. Prof.; ResearcherID: J-3404-2017,
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9211-5627
Natalya S. Ivanova1,2, Doctor of Biology; ResearcherID: O-8367-2019,
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-9433
Sergey V. Zalesov1, Doctor of Agriculture, Prof.; ResearcherID: H-2605-2019,
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3779-410X
Artem S. Popov1, Candidate of Agriculture, Assoc. Prof.; ResearcherID: AAN-6020-2021,
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3060-9461
Anna P. Mikhailovich3, Senior Lecturer; ResearcherID: AAN-5903-2020,
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8282-9431
Affiliation
1Ural State Forest Engineering University, ul. Sibirsky Trakt, 37, Yekaterinburg, 620100, Russian Federation; fomval@gmail.com*, i.n.s@bk.ru, zalesov@usfeu.ru, sergeich66@yandex.ru
2Botanical Garden of Ural Branch of RAS, ul. 8 Marta, 202а, Yekaterinburg, 620144, Russian Federation; i.n.s@bk.ru
3Ural Federal University, ul. Mira, 19, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation; anna.mikhailovich@gmail.com
Keywordsforest typology, natural classifications of forest types, genetic classifications of forest types, forest-ecological typology, phytocenotic typology, dynamic typology, genetic typology, forest typology research in Russia
For citation
Fomin V.V., Ivanova N.S., Zalesov S.V., Popov A.S., Mikhailovich A.P. Forest Typologies in the Russian Federation. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 6, pp. 9–30. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-6-9-30
References
- Baginsky V.F. Dynamics of Productivity of Pine Stands of the Belarusian Woodlands by Forest Types in Connection with Climate Change. Forest Typology: Modern Methods of Forest Types Allocation, Classification, and Zoning of Forest Vegetation: Materials of the International Scientific Seminar (Minsk-Naroch, October 20–21, 2016). National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Institute of Experimental Botany named after V.F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Minsk, Kolorgrad Publ., 2016, pp. 73–83. (In Russ.).
- Gornov A.V. Сlassification of Forests Using a Field Guide of Forest Types of the European Russia (Evidence from Karelia and the Karelian Isthmus). Forest Science Issues, 2018, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–53. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607X-2018-1-1-1-53
- Gromtsev A.N., Kravchenko A.V., Kurkhinen Yu.P., Sazonov S.V. Dynamics of the Diversity of Forest Communities, Flora and Fauna of the European Taiga in Natural Conditions and after Anthropogenic Impact: Research Experience and Generalization. Proceedings of the Karelian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Series Biogeography, 2010, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 16–33. (In Russ.).
- Denisov S.A. Forest Science: Lecture Notes. Yoshkar-Ola, Mari State Technical University Publ., 2008. 168 p. (In Russ.).
- Dylis N.V. The Significance of V.N. Sukachev's Ideas in the Development of Soviet Forest Science. Cоllection of articles. Voprosi Lesovedenia, Krasnoyarsk, 1973, vol. 2, pp. 5–14. (In Russ.).
- Dyrenkov S.A. On Regional Inventories of Forest Types. Russian Forest Sciences, 1989, no. 2, pp. 3–9. (In Russ.).
- Zaugunova L.B. Approaches to the Assessment of the Biological Diversity of the Forest Cover. Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the RAS. Monitoring of the Biological Diversity of the Forests of Russia: Methodology and Methods. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2008, pp. 36–58. (In Russ.).
- Zaugunova L.B., Martynenko V.B. Determinant of Forest Types in European Russia. (In Russ.).
- Zolotova E.S. Typological Features of Vegetation and Soils in Zauralsky Hilly Piedmont Province: Cand. Biol. Sci. Diss. Yekaterinburg, 2013. 208 p. (In Russ.).
- Zolotova E.S., Ivanova N.S. Forest Typological Study of Felling Areas of the TransUral Hilly-foothill Province. Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra RAS = News of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2012, vol. 14, no. 1(4), pp. 1016–1019. (In Russ.).
- Ivanova N.S. Development of Genetic Forest Typology in Russia. Sovremennie naukoemkie technologii, 2010, no. 12, pp. 94–95. (In Russ.).
- Ivanova N.S. Internet resource «Genetic typology and forest dynamics». Fundamental Research, 2013, no. 1, pp. 576–579. (In Russ.).
- Ivanova N.S. Forest Typological Features of Biodiversity and Restoration-Age Dynamics of Vegetation of Mountain Forests of the Southern and Middle Urals: Doc. Biol. Sci. Diss. Yekaterinburg, 2019. 304 p. (In Russ.).
- Ivashkevich B.A. Types of Forests of Primorye and their Economic Significance. Productive Forces of the Far East. The Plant World. Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Knizhnoie Delo Publ., 1927, iss. 3, pр. 3–20. (In Russ.).
- Kolesnikov B.P. Cedar Forests of the Far East. Proceedings of the Far Eastern branch named after Komarov V.L. Botanical series, Moscow, Leningrad, Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1956, vol. 2. iss.4. 262 p. (In Russ.).
- Kolesnikov B.P. Genetic Classification of Forest Types and its Tasks in the Urals. Proceedings of the Institute of Biology of the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Sverdlovsk, 1961, vol. 27, pp. 47–59. (In Russ.).
- Kolesnikov B.P. The Genetic Stage in the Forest Typology and its Tasks. Russian Forest Sciences, 1974, no. 2, pp. 3–20. (In Russ.).
- Kolesnikov B.P., Zubareva R.S., Smolonogov E.P. Forest Vegetation Conditions and Forest Types of the Sverdlovsk Region. Sverdlovsk, Academy of science of the USSR Publ., 1973. 176 p. (In Russ.).
- Kryshen A.M. Plant Communities of Cuttings: Structure, Dynamics and Classification (On The Example Of Karelia): Doc. Biol. Sci. Diss. Petrozavodsk, 2005. 42 p. (In Russ.).
- Krudener A.A. Fundamentals of Classifications of Planting Types and Their National Economic Significance in the Everyday Life of The Country. Petrograd, 1917. 318 p. (In Russ.).
- Kuzmenko E.I. Ecological and Geographical Approaches of Complex Study and Mapping of Geosystems of Taiga Regions of Siberia: Doc. Geogr. Sci. Diss. Irkutsk, 2019. 352 p. (In Russ.).
- Kuzmenko E.I., Smolonogov E.P. Forest Ecosystems of the Middle and Southern Taiga of the West Siberian Plain (Structure and Spatial-Temporal Dynamics). Novosibirsk, SB RAS Publ., 2000. 218 p. (In Russ.).
- Kurnaev S.F. The Main Types of Pine Forests in The Southern Taiga of the Yaroslavl Region. Pine Forests of the Southern Taiga Subzone and Ways of Introducing Forestry into them. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1969, pp. 11–64. (In Russ.).
- Lugansky N.A., Zalesov S.V., Lugansky V.N. Forestry Science: Training Manual. Yekaterinburg, USFEU Publ., 2010. 432 p. (In Russ.).
- Manko Yu.I. The Emergence and Formation of Genetic Forest Typology. Russian Forest Sciences, 2013, no. 6, pp. 40–55. (In Russ.).
- Martynenko V.B., Shirokikh P.S., Mirkin B.M., Naumova L.G., Bayisheva E.Z., Muldashev A.A. A Syntaxonomic Analysis of Initial Stage Effect on Secondary Autogenous Succession of Broad-Leaved Forest. Biology Bulletin Reviews, 2016, vol. 77, no 4, pp. 303–313. (In Russ.).
- Maslov A.A. Characteristics of Forest Types in the Context of Climate Change. Forest Typology: Modern Methods of Identifying Forest Types, Classification and Zoning of Forest Vegetation: Proceedings of the International Scientific Seminar. Minsk, Naroch, October 20–21, 2016. National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Institute of Experimental Botany named after V.F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Minsk, Kolorgrad Publ., 2016, pp. 107–108. (In Russ.).
- Melekhov I.S. Basics of Felling Typology. Foundations of Felling Typology and its Significance in Forestry. Arkhangelsk, 1959, pp. 5–34. (In Russ.).
- Melekhov I.S. On the Classification of Vegetation Cover in Connection with Concentrated Logging. Proceedings of the Institute of Biology, Sverdlovsk, 1961, vol. 27, pp. 139–145. (In Russ.).
- Migunova E.S. Forest Typology of G.F. Morozov – A.A. Kryudener – Р.S. Pogrebnyak – the Theoretical Basis of Forestry. Forestry Bulletin, 2017, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 52–63. (In Russ.).
- Morozov G.F. The Doctrine of Forest Types. Leningrad, State Publishing House, 1925. 367 p. (In Russ.).
- Morozova O.V., Zaugolnova L.B., Isaeva L.G., Kostina V.A. Classification of Boreal Forests of the North of European Russia. I. Oligotrophic Coniferous Forests. Vegetation of Russia, 2008, no. 13, pp. 61–81. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2008.13.61
- Nazimova D.I., Gurevich M.Yu., Kofman G.B., Andreeva N.M. Experience of Multidimensional Classification of Forest-growing Areas of Siberia by Climatic Characteristics. Geography and Natural Resources, 1997, no. 2, pp. 134–142. (In Russ.).
- Neshataev B.Yu. Forest Typology in Russia: History and Modern Problems. Forest Typology: Modern Methods of Forest Types Allocation, Classification and Zoning of Forest Vegetation: Materials of the International Scientific Seminar. Minsk, Naroch, October 20–21, 2016. National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Institute of Experimental Botany named after V.F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Minsk, Kolorgrad Publ., 2016, pp. 13–27. (In Russ.).
- Neshataev V.Yu. Anthropogenic Dynamics of Taiga Vegetation in European Russia: Doc. Biol. Sci. Abs. Saint-Petersburg State Forest Engineering University, 2017. 43 p. (In Russ.).
- Orlov A.Ya., Koshelkov S.P., Osipov V.V., Sokolov A.A. Types of Forest Biogeocenoses of the Southern Taiga. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1974. 232 p. (In Russ.).
- Pogrebnyak P.S. Fundamentals of Forest Typology. Kiev, Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR Publ., 1955. 456 p. (In Russ.).
- Rysin L.P. Is There a Future for Forest Typology in Russia? Materials of the All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation "Forest Resources of the Taiga Zone of Russia: Problems of Forest Management and Reforestation". Petrozavodsk, September 30 – October 3, 2009, Karelian Research Centre of RAS, 2009, pp. 8–10. (In Russ.).
- Rysin L.P., Savelyeva L.I. Spruce Forests of Russia. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2002. 336 p. (In Russ.).
- Rysin L.P., Savelyeva L.I. Cadastre of Forest Types and Types of Forest Biogeocenoses. Moscow, Comradeship of Scientific Publ., KMK, 2007. 144 p. (In Russ.).
- Rysin L.P., Savelyeva L.I. Pine forests of Russia. Moscow, Comradeship of Scientific Publ., 2008. 289 p. (In Russ.).
- Sannikov S.N. Divergence, Convergence, and Inheritance of the Structure of Forest Biogeocenoses. Genetic Typology, Dynamics, and Geography of Russian Forests. Yekaterinburg, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2009, pp. 56–61. (In Russ.).
- Sannikov S.N. Ecological and Genetic Classification of Forest Types on the Basis of Dynamic Series of Biogeocenosis Development. Siberian Forest Journal, 2019, no. 1, pp. 3–15. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15372/SJFS20190101
- Sedykh V.N. Landscape-typological Basis for Conducting Forest Management on the Territory of Siberia. Forest Taxation and Forest Management, 2005, vol. 34(1), iss. 1, pp. 70–77. (In Russ.).
- Sennov S.N., Gryazkin A.V. Forest Science: a Textbook. Saint Petersburg, SPbFTU Publ., 2006. 156 p. (In Russ.).
- Smolonogov E.P. Ecological and Geographical Differentiation and Dynamics of Cedar Forests of the Urals and the West Siberian Plain (Ecological and Forestry Bases of Optimization of the Economy). Sverdlovsk, Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., 1990. 288 p. (In Russ.).
- Smolonogov E.P. Main Principles of the Genetic Approach to the Typological Classification of Forests. Ecology, 1998, no. 4, pp. 256–261. (In Russ.).
- Smolonogov E.P. Some Aspects of Forest Typology. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Forestry Journal, 1999, no. 1, pp. 13–17. (In Russ.).
- Sukachev V.N. Development of Forest Typology in the USSR for 40 Years. Achievements of Science in Forestry for 40 Years. Moscow, Leningrad, Goslesbumizdat Publ., 1957, pp. 5–16. (In Russ.).
- Sukachev V.N. Selected works. In 3 volumes. Fundamentals of Forest Typology and Forest Biogeocenology. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1972, vol. 1. 419 p. (In Russ.).
- Ulanova N.G. Restorative Dynamics of Vegetation of Clear-Cut Areas and Massive Windblows in the Spruce Forests of the Southern Taiga (In the European Part of European Russia): Doc. Biol. Sci. Abs. Moscow, MSU Publ., 2006. 46 p. (In Russ.).
- Ulanova N.G. Synthesis of Classification of Cutting Vegetation in Spruce Forests of the Southern Taiga from the Positions of I.S. Melekhov, V.N. Sukachev, B.P. Kolesnikov and Zh. Brown-Blanke. Genetic Typology, Dynamics and Geography of Russian Forests. Reports of the All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of B. P. Kolesnikov (Yekaterinburg, July 21–24, 2009). Yekaterinburg, Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2009, pp. 72–75. (In Russ.).
- Farber S.K. Structuring of Forest Communities. Siberian Journal of Forest Science, 2014, no. 1, pp. 35–49. (In Russ.).
- Farber S.K., Koshkarova V.L., Kuzmik N.S. Mapping of Holocene Forest Formations Using Basic Climate Indicators-Heat and Moisture. Siberian Journal of Forest Science, 2017, no. 6, pp. 26–40. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15372/SJFS20170602
- Farber S.K., Kuzmik N.S. Forest Typology: Theory and Prospects of the Use in the Forests of Siberia. Coniferous Boreal Zones, 2013, vol. 30, no. 1–2, pp. 143–148. (In Russ.).
- Fedorchuk V.N., Neshataev V.Yu., Kuznetsova M.L. Forest Ecosystems of the North-Western Regions of Russia: Typology, Dynamics, Economic Features. Saint Petersburg, SPbFRI Publ., 2005. 382 p. (In Russ.).
- Filrose E.M. Genetic Classification Scheme of Taiga Forest Types of the Eastern Macroslope of the Southern Urals and the Northern Forest-Steppe of the East Ural Peneplain. Types and Dynamics of Forests in the Urals and Trans-Urals. Sverdlovsk, Ural Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., 1967, pp. 119–155. (In Russ.).
- Filrose E.M. Scheme of Genetic Classification of Forest Types in the Southern Urals. Ecological-Geographical and Genetic Principles of Forest Research. Sverdlovsk, Ural Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., 1983, pp. 53–60. (In Russ.).
- Fomin V.V., Zalesov S.V. Geographical and Genetic Approach to the Assessment and Forecasting of Forest Resources Using GIS Technologies. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals, 2013, vol. 118, no. 12, pp. 18–24. (In Russ.).
- Khanina L.G. Classification of Types of Forest Growing Conditions by Indicator Species of Vorobyov-Pogrebnyak: Database and Experience of Analysis of Forest Taxational Data. Forest Science Issues, 2019, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 1–30. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2019-2-4-1-28
- Shirokikh P.S., Martynenko V.B., Kunafin A.M., Mirkin B.M. Features of the Floristic Composition of Some Types of Secondary Forests of the South Ural Region. Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists. Biological series, 2012, vol. 117, no. 2, pp. 43–55. (In Russ.).
- Barbati A., Corona P., Marchetti M. European Forest types — European Environment Agency. EEA Technical report No 9/2006. Copenhagen, 2007. Available at: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/technical_report_2006_9 (accessed 17.04.21).
- Barbati A., Marchetti M., Chirici G., Corona P. European Forest Types and Forest Europe SFM indicators: Tools for Monitoring Progress on Forest Biodiversity Conservation. Forest Ecology and Management, 2014, vol. 321, pp. 145–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2013.07.004
- Brand D.G. Criteria and Indicators for the Conservation and Sustainable Management of Forest: Progress to Date and Future Directions. Biomass and Bioenergy, 1997, vol. 13, no. 4–5, pp. 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0961-9534(97)10012-5
- Castañeda F. Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management: International Processes, Current Status and the Way Ahead. Unasylva, 2000, vol. 51(203), pp. 34–40.
- DeLong S.C., Griesbauer H., Mackenzie W., Foord V. Corroboration of Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification Climate Zonation by Spatially Modelled Climate Data. BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management, 2010, vol. 10, no. 3, рр. 49–64. https://doi.org/10.22230/jem.2010v10n3a441
- Fomin V.V., Zalesov S.V., Popov A.S., Mikhailovich A.P. Historical Avenues of Research in Russian Forest Typology: Ecological, Phytocoenotic, Genetic, and Dynamic Classifications. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2017, vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 849–860. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2017-0011
- Fomin V., Ivanova N., Mikhailovich A. Genetic Forest Typology as a Scientific and Methodological Basis for Environmental Studies and Forest Management. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020, vol. 609, аrt. 012044. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/609/1/012044
- Fomin V., Mikhailovich A., Golikov D., Agapitov E. Reconstruction of the Expansion of Siberian Larch into the Mountain Tundra in the Polar Urals in the 20th – Early 21st Centuries. Forests, 2022, vol. 13, iss. 3, pp. 419–431. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13030419
- Fomin V., Mikhailovich A., Zalesov S., Popov A., Terekhov G. Development of Ideas within the Framework of the Genetic Approach to the Classification of Forest Types. Baltic Forestry, 2021, vol. 27, no. 1 (466), pp. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.46490/BF466
- Ivanova N., Fomin V., Kusbach A. Experience of Forest Ecological Classification in Assessment of Vegetation Dynamics. Sustainability, 2022, vol. 14,3384. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063384
- Ivanova N., Petrova I. Species Abundance Distributions: Investigation of Adaptation Mechanisms of Plant Communities. E3S Web of Conferences: International Scientific and Practical Conference “Fundamental and Applied Research in Biology and Agriculture: Current Issues, Achievements and Innovations” (FARBA 2021), 2021, vol. 254, no. 02003. 6 p. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125402003
- Ivanova N., Petrova I. Age Structure of Coniferous Saplings in Mountain Old-Growth Forest of The Middle Urals. E3S Web of Conferences. Actual Problems of Ecology and Environmental Management (APM 2021), 2021, vol. 265, no. 01024. 5 p. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126501024
- Ivanova N.S., Zolotova E.S. Development of Forest Typology in Russia. International Journal of Bio–resource and Stress Management, 2014, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 298–303. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4038.2014.00572.7
- Ivanova N., Zolotova E. Influence of Logging on Plant Species Diversity in Mountain Forests of the Middle Urals. AIP Conference Proceedings. Modern Synthetic Methodologies for Creating Drugs and Functional Materials (MOSM2020): Proceedings of the IV International Conference, 2021, no. 020007. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0068389
- Ivanova N.S., Zolotova E.S., Li G. Influence of Soil Moisture Regime on the Species Biomass of the Herb Layer of Pine Forests in the Ural Mountains. Ecological Questions, 2020, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 27–38. https://doi.org/10.12775/EQ.2021.011
- MacKenzie W.H., Mahony C.R. An Ecological Approach to Climate ChangeInformed Tree Species Selection for Reforestation. Forest Ecology and Management, 2021, vol. 481, аrt. 118705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118705
- Nazimova D.I., Tsaregorodtsev V.G., Andreyeva N.M. Forest Vegetation Zones of Southern Siberia and Current Climate Change. Geography and Natural Resources, 2010, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 124–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gnr.2010.06.006
- Nazimova D.I., Ponomarev E.I., Konovalova M.E. Role of an Altitudinal Zonal Basis and Remote Sensing Data in the Sustainable Management of Mountain Forests. Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 2020, vol. 13, pp. 742–753. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425520070070
- Nelson H.W., Williamson T.B., Macaulay C., Mahony C. Assessing the Potential for Forest Management Practitioner Participation in Climate Change Adaptation. Forest Ecology and Management, 2016, vol. 360, pp. 388–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.038
- The Montréal Process. Criteria and Indicators for the Conservation and Sustainable Management of Temperate and Boreal Forests, 2015. Available at: http://www.montrealprocess.org/documents/publications/techreports/MontrealProcessSeptember2015.pdf (aссessed 03.11.16).
- The Pan-European Forest Process. Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management, 1993. Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/AC135E/ac135e09.htm (aссessed 03.11.16).
|
Make a Submission
Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal) was awarded the "Seal of Recognition for Active Data Provider of the Year 2024"
|