Dynamic Interference of a Multiaxial Wheeled Forestry Machine with Obstacles on Weakly Bearing Soils. P. 107–126

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 1MB )

UDС

630*372/375

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2026-5-107-126

Abstract

Before the first pass, the surface traversed by forestry machines initially exhibits a specific micro-relief resulting from the presence of randomly distributed stones, stumps, hummocks, etc. Stumps must be cut flush with the ground when clearing skidding trails in order to avoid obstruction of the movement of forest machines. However, meeting this requirement is not always technically feasible during machinery-based timber harvesting and clearing skidding trails with logging machines. Moreover, there is a significant difference in the track surface deformation and the formation of large obstacles along the track length due to the considerable variations in density and strength between the naturally layered soil and stumps (stones), beginning with the first pass of a forestry machine along the skidding trail (especially in hot season). As a result, the track surface profile resembles a comb, with the ridges arranged randomly. This effect becomes apparent particularly quickly when operating wheeled forestry machines. The research aimed to propose a mathematical model of the moist soil layer deformation under cyclic dynamic loads. It is assumed that the model should consider the fluctuations in its moisture content and, consequently, strength and elastic and plastic behavior that influence the rutting along a forest machine’s route, which contains significantly high obstacles. The parameters received through calculations of the interaction between a multiaxial wheeled machine and low-bearing-capacity soils with high moisture content, as well as the consolidation of these soils, provide a reliable essement of effective skidding parameters. This paper provides practical recommendations and justifies the need to equip wheel pairs with wheeled caterpillar tracks in challenging ground conditions for skidding operations in order to achieve high productivity of forest machines. The findings showed that the soil had been strengthened by the removal of liquid from it caused by the movement of a forest machine. This effect helps slow down the increase in rut depth.

Funding: The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school “Innovative Solutions in the Logging Industry and Forestry” of the Arctic State Agrotechnological University and financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 26-16-00047, https://rscf.ru/project/26-16-00047/.

Authors

Vladimir Ya. Shapiro¹, Doctor of Engineering, Prof.; ResearcherID: AAC-9658-2020, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6344-1239
Igor V. Grigorev^2*, Doctor of Engineering, Prof.; ResearcherID: S-7085-2016, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5574-1725
Evgeniy V. Sibiryatkin³, Postgraduate Student; ResearcherID: PUE-0146-2026, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0475-612X
Evgeny А. Tihonov⁴, Doctor of Engineering, Prof.; ResearcherID: E-9342-2014, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2136-3268
Sergey I. Revyako⁵, Candidate of Engineering, Assoc. Prof.; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-8531

Affiliation

¹Saint-Petersburg State Forest Technical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia;
shapiro54vlad@mail.ru
²Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Yakutsk, Russia; silver73@inbox.ru*
³Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, Voronezh, Russia; jey-sib@mail.ru
⁴Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russia; tihonov@petrsu.ru
⁵Novocherkassk Engineering and Reclamation Institute named after A.K. Kortunov –
A Branch of the Don State Agrarian University, Novocherkassk, Russia; revyako77@mail.ru

Keywords

logging, wheeled forestry machines, skidding systems, soil deformation, tree stumps, skidding trails

For citation

Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V., Sibiryatkin E.V., Tihonov E.A., Revyako S.I. Dynamic Interference of a Multiaxial Wheeled Forestry machine with Obstacles on Weakly Bearing Soils. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2026, no. 5, pp. 107–126. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2026-5-107-126

References

1. Ageikin Ya.S. All-Terrain Wheeled and Combined Propellers. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1972. 184 p. (In Russ.).

2. Anisimov G.M., Bolshakov B.M. Fundamentals of Minimizing Soil Compaction by Skidding Systems. Saint Petersburg, SPbGLTA Publ., 1998. 106 p. (In Russ.).

3. Belyaeva N.V., Grigorieva O.I., Ishchuk T.A. Impact of Different Intensity Off- Lumbering on Wood Sorrel Spruce Forest Overall Efficiency. Systems. Methods. Technologies, 2011, no. 3(11), pp. 140–148. (In Russ.).

4. Burmistrova O.N., Prosuzhikh A.A., Khitrov E.G., Kunitskaya O.A., Luneva E.N. Theoretical Studies of Forwarder Productivity with Limited Impact on Soils. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2021, no. 3, pp. 101–116. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-3-101-116

5. Burmistrova O.N., Prosuzhih A.A., Hitrov E.G., Rudov S.E., Kunitskaya O.A., Kalita O.N. Influence of Variable Coefficients of Resistance Movement and Coupling on the Performance of the Forwarder. Derevoobrabativaushaya promishlennost’ = Woodworking industry, 2021, no. 1, pp. 3–16. (In Russ.).

6. Voskoboinikov I.V., Kondratyuk V.A., Krylov V.M., Kondratyuk D.V., Klubnichkin E.E. Multi-Purpose Forest Vehicles: Monograph. Vol. 1. Moscow, MGUL Publ., 2013. 480 p. (In Russ.).

7. Vyalov S.S. Rheological Foundations of Soil Mechanics. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1978. 447 p. (In Russ.).

8. Gazizov A.M., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V. Humidity Influence on the Bark Destruction Development during Rotary Flogging. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2008, no. 6, pp. 129–133. (In Russ.).

9. Grigoreva O.I. Statistical Characteristics of Pine Plantations Subjected to Improvement Thinning. Current Issues of the Forest Complex, 2005, no. 10, pp. 84–87. (In Russ.).

10. Grigoreva O.I. Concepts of Intensive Forest Management and Reproduction. Forests of Russia in the 21st Century: Collection of Academic Papers Based on the Results of the International Scientific and Technical Internet Conference. Saint Petersburg, SPbFTU Publ., 2015, pp. 103–107. (In Russ.).

11. Grigoreva O.I., Bogachev P.V., Panarin A.O. Assessment of the Forest Resource Structure for Thinning and Clear-Cutting during the Transition to Intensive Forest Management Standards. Forests of Russia: Politics, Industry, Science, and Education: Proceedings of the 7th All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference. Saint Petersburg, SPbFTU Publ., 2022, pp. 125–126. (In Russ.).

12. Grigoreva O.I., Grigorev M.F., Grigorev I.V. Analysis of Natural Reforestation in the Alekseevskiy District Forestry of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Forest Engineering: Proceedings of Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation. Yakutsk, NEFU Publ., 2018, pp. 72–75. (In Russ.).

13. Grigoreva O.I., Grinko O.I., Nikolaeva F.V. The Forest Fire of Transport and Technological Complexes on the Basis of Wheel Forwarders. Transport and Logistics Systems: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Technical Conference. Tyumen, IUT Publ., 2021, pp. 55–58. (In Russ.).

14. Dmitriev A.S., Dolzhikov I.S., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. Ecological Efficiency of Semi-Tracked Forest Vehicles. Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries, 2023, no. 5, pp. 44–51. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2305-04

15. Kalistratov A.V., Grigoreva O.I., Grigorev G.V., Dmitrieva I.N. The Importance of Research on the Environmental Efficiency of Skidding. Science, Education, and Innovation in the Border Region: Proceedings of the Republican Scientific and Practical Conference. Petrozavodsk, Verso Publ., 2015, pp. 7–9. (In Russ.).

16. Kalyashov V.A., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V., Kunickaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. Assessment of the Efficiency of the Skidding Track on the Slope of the Thawing Soil Mass under Cyclic Static Loads. Resources and Technology, 2021, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 79–95. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15393/j2.art.2021.5723

17. Kalyashov V.A., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigoriev I.V., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigorieva O.I., Starodubtseva T.N. Investigation of the Track Formation Process and Its Stability during the Operation of Forest Machines and Skidding Systems on the Slopes of the Thawed Soil. Lesotekhnicheskii zhurnal = Forest Engineering Journal, 2021, vol. 11, no. 2(42), pp. 121–132. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2021.2/12

18. Kunitskaya O.A., Davtyan A.B., Prosuzhikh A.A., Grigorev M.F., Grigoreva A.I. Substantiation of the Forwarder Design Based on an Agricultural Tractor. Energy Efficiency and Conservation in Modern Production and Society: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Voronezh, VSAU Publ., 2020, pp. 309–313. (In Russ.).

19. Kunitskaya O.A., Petrov A.V., Krivosheev A.A., Shvetsov A.S., Dmitriev A.S., Mikhailova L.M. Analysis of the Impact of Natural and Industrial Conditions on the Performance of Tractor Skidding. Vestnik of ASAU, 2023, no. 4(12), pp. 102–149. (In Russ.).

20. Kunitskaya O.A., Prosuzhikh A.A., Kalyashov V.A. Ecological and Economic Operation Efficiency of Forwarders. Vestnik of ASAU, 2021, no. 2(2), pp. 44–53. (In Russ.).

21. Kunitskaya O.A., Shapiro V.Ya., Burmistrova S.S., Grigorev I.V. Model of Processes of Pressing and Dehydration of the Impregnated Wood Materials. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2012, no. 4, pp. 110–115. (In Russ.).

22. Martynov A.N., Belyaeva N.V., Grigoreva O.I. Modern Issues of Forest Cultivation. Chemical and Complex Forest Care. Saint Petersburg, SPbGLTA Publ., 2008. 80 p. (In Russ.).

23. Morozov E.M., Zernin M.V. Contact Problems of Fracture Mechanics: Monograph. Moscow, LIBROCOM Publ., 2010. 543 p. (In Russ.).

24. Mosinets V.N., Abramov A.V. Destruction of Fractured and Disturbed Rocks. Moscow, Nedra Publ., 1982. 248 p. (In Russ.).

25. Nikiforova A.I., Grigoreva O.I., Kiselev D.S., Khakhina A.M., Rudov M.E. Environmental Safety Assessment of Forest Machinery. Natural Resources and Ecology of the Far Eastern Region: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Forum. Khabarovsk, PSU Publ., 2013, pp. 134–138. (In Russ.).

26. Nikiforova A.I., Khitrov E.G., Pelymskiy A.A., Grigor’eva O.I. Two-Layer Ground Draught Definition under Logging Machine Passage. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University, 2014, no. 2(139), pp. 87–91. (In Russ.).

27. Patyakin V.I., Tishin Yu.G., Bazarov S.M. Technical Hydrodynamics of Wood. Moscow, Lesnaya promyshlennost’ Publ., 1990. 304 p. (In Russ.).

28. Pomigueva A.I., Kunitskaya O.A., Shvetsov A.S., Dolzhikov I.S., Kurochkin P.A. Justification of the Expediency of Using Shockless Skidding Tractors in Logging Operations. Vestnik of ASAU, 2024, no. 3(15), pp. 44–102. (In Russ.).

29. Rudov S.E., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. Modeling the Interaction of Forest Machines with Soil when Working on Slopes. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2021, no. 6, pp. 121–134. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-121-134

30. Ryabukhin P.B., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. Substantiation of Technological Processes and Machinery Systems for Logging Operations. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 2, pp. 88–105. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-2-88-105

31. Ryabukhin P.B., Kunitskaya O.A., Shvetsov A.S., Fedorov V.I., Grigoreva O.I. Investigation of the Effect of the Harvester Operator’s Operating Mode on the Preservation of Undergrowth. Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries, 2025, no. 4(22), pp. 46–53. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2504-04

32. Seryakov S.A., Kunitskaya O.A. Efficiency of Harvester Heads. Strategy and Prospects for the Development of Agricultural Technologies and Forestry Complex of Yakutia until 2050: Collection of Academic Papers Based on the Materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation Dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of the Formation of the Yakut ASSR and the 85th Anniversary of M.E. Nikolaev, First President of the Republic of Sakha (Nikolaev’s Readings). Yakutsk, Znanie-M Pub., 2022, pp. 795–802. (In Russ.).

33. Seryakov S.A., Kunitskaya O.A., Vashutkin A.S., Gorbatov A.P. Functional Features of Pulse Harvester Heads. Current Issues of Forest Complex Development: Proceedings of the 20th International Scientific and Technical Conference. Vologda, VSU Publ., 2022, pp. 332–336. (In Russ.).

34. Seryakov S.A., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. Safety and Labor Protection during Operation and Maintenance of Pulse Harvester Head. Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries, 2023, no. 3, pp. 27–37. (In Russ.).

35. Khitrov E.G., Khakhina A.M., Dmitrieva M.N., Peskov V.B., Grigoreva O.I. Refined Model for Wheeled Forestry Machinery Tractive Characteristics Evaluation. Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj Lesotehniceskoj Akademii, 2016, no. 217, pp. 108–119. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21266/2079-4304.2016.217.108-119

36. Tsarapov M.N. Formation of Strength Characteristics of Soils during Thawing. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria 4: Geologia, 2007, no. 6, pp. 31–34. (In Russ.).

37. Tsytovich N.A. Mechanics of Soils. Moscow, Stroitel’stvo Publ., 2024. 640 p. (In Russ.).

38. Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorjev I.V., Zhukova A.I. Assessment of Soil Deformation Processes under Cyclic Compaction. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2008, no. 4, pp. 45–51. (In Russ.).

39. Chernykh D., Steshina L., Petukhov I., Andrianov Yu., Velev D. The Approach to Training Logging Machinery Operators. Journal of Applied Engineering Science, 2023, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 70–75. https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-38214

40. Grigorev G., Dmitrieva I.N., Khitrov E. Theoretical Evaluation of Rut Depth Components Caused by Forest Soil Shear and Compaction. 20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2020, Water Resources. Forest, Marine and Ocean Ecosystems. Sofia, 2020, pp. 763–768. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/3.1/s14.098

41. Khitrov E., Grigorev G., Dmitrieva I.N. Theoretical Estimation of Soil Resistance to Forestry Vehicles Turning. 20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2020, Water Resources. Forest, Marine and Ocean Ecosystems. Sofia, 2020, pp. 757–762. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/3.1/s14.097

42. Petukhov I., Steshina L., Kurasov P., Andrianov Yu. Analysis of Factors Influencing the Performance of Cadets Trained to Operate Logging Machinery. Journal of Applied Engineering Science, 2023, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 1132–1138. https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-44511

43. Ryabukhin P.B., Kunitskaya O.A., Burgonutdinov A.M., Makuev V.A., Sivtseva T.V., Zadrauskaite N.O., et al. Improving the Efficiency of Forest Companies by Optimizing the Key Indicators of Sustainable Forest Management: A Case Study of the Far East. Forest Science and Technology, 2022, vol. 18, iss. 4, pp. 190–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2022.2128900

44. Shapiro V.Ya. Efficiency of Cut Configuration in Driving Tunnels with a Set of Blast Holes. Soviet Mining Science, 1989, vol. 25, pp. 379–386. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02528560

45. Steshina L., Petukhov I., Tanryerdiev I., Kurasov P., Glazyrin A. А New Method of Personalized Training of Logging Machine Operators. WSEAS Transactions on Systems and Control, 2020, vol. 15, pp. 113–119. https://doi.org/10.37394/23203.2020.15.13

46. Tanryverdiev I., Petukhov I., Steshina L., Steshin I., Kurasov P., Galkin D. The Study of Accuracy of an Operator’s Perception of Geometrical Object Sizes and Shapes in the Virtual Environments. Journal of Applied Engineering Science, 2024, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 828–834. https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-54575