Bacterial Dropsy of European White Birch (Betula pendula Roth.) in Zhytomyr Polesye of Ukraine

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 0.9MB )

UDС

630*581.2

DOI:

10.17238/issn0536-1036.2017.4.84

Abstract

European white birch (Betula pendula Roth.) in Zhytomyr Polesye of Ukraine forms highly productive both pure and mixed plantings with Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), oak (Quercus robur L.), and aspen (Populus tremulae L.). In recent years, we observe a massive drying of this valuable woody plant, associated with infectious, primarily bacterial, pathology. The paper presents the study results of bacterial dropsy - a dangerous infectious birch disease, caused by phytopathogenic bacterium Enterobacter nimipressuralis. The process of European white birch dying off after its infection with bacterial dropsy occurs as a result of detachment of the cover parts with the formation of necrosis with a width of 10...20 cm and a length of 1 m or more. The pathogenicity of the causative agent of dropsy is proved in an experiment at the indicator plants and European white birch (shoots and leaves of B. pendula are not sensitive to the pathogen). Bacterial dropsy infestation with the formation of persistent foci of desiccation occurs more intensively in the birch plantations of older age groups. Together with E. nimipressuralis, other types of bacteria are isolated from the lesions, as well as fungi, which are obviously concomitant myco- and microflora in the pathology of bacterial dropsy. We have made a reasoned assumption about the direct participation of Tremex fuscicornis in the dissemination of E. nimipressuralis. Depending on the physiological state, the population density of B. pendula in the region under study varies on average from 0.09 to 10.9 flying holes per 1 dm2. Healthy trees and plantings are characterized by a practically zero number of T. fuscicornis on trunks. We have distinguished the plants with more than 7 holes per 1 dm2 and with a birch-tree in a dying state as strongly weakened trees and plantations.

Authors

M.V. Shvets, Postgraduate Student

Affiliation

National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, ul. Geroev Oborony, 15, bl. 1, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine; е-mail: marina_lis@ukr.net

Keywords

bacterial dropsy, phytopathogenic bacteria, Enterobacter nimipressuralis, symp-tomatology, pathogenesis, Tremex fuscicornis, Betula pendula Roth., birch plantation, phy-tosanitary condition.

For citation

Shvets M.V. Bacterial Dropsy of European White Birch (Betula pendula Roth.) in Zhytomyr Polesye of Ukraine. Lesnoy zhurnal [Forestry journal], 2017, no. 4, pp. 84–94. 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2017.4.84

References

1. Aref'ev S.P. Sistemnyy analiz bioty derevorazrushayushchikh gribov [System Analysis of Biota of Wood-Destroying Fungi]. Novosibirsk, 2010. 257 p.
2. Gvozdyak R.I., Gordienko M.I., Goychuk A.F. Dub chereshchatyy v Ukraine [English Oak in Ukraine]. Kyiv, 1993. 221 p.
3. Gvozdyak R.I., Yakovleva L.M. Bakterial'nye bolezni lesnykh drevesnykh porod [Bacterial Diseases of Forest Tree Species]. Kyiv, 1979. 244 p.
4. Gninenko Yu.I., Bezruchenko A.Ya. Bakterial'naya vodyanka v bereznyakakh Yuzhnogo Zaural'ya i Severnogo Kazakhstana [Bacterial Dropsy in the Birch Forests of Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan]. Vestnik sel'skokhozyaystvennoy nauki Ka-zakhstana, 1983, no. 5, pp. 22–26.
5. Meshkov V.L., compl. Metodichnі rekomendatsії shchodo obstezhennya oseredkіv stovburovikh shkіdnikіv lіsu [Guidelines for Inspection of Cells Stem Pests]. Kharkov, 2010. 27 p.
6. Sagitov A.O., Isin M.M., Dzhaymurzina A.A. Bakterial'naya vodyanka berezy v severnom Kazakhstane [Bacterial Dropsy of Birch in Northern Kazakhstan]. Sb. statey mezhdunar. nauchn. konf. “Fitopatogennye bakterii. Fitontsidologiyayu. Allelopatiya”. Kiev 4-6 sentyabrya 2005 g. [Collected Papers Intern. Sci. Conf. “Phytopathogenic Bacte-ria. Phytoncidology. Allelopathy”, Kyiv, 4?6 September 2005]. Zhitomyr, 2005, pp. 79?83.
7. Sinadskiy Yu.V. Bereza. Ee vrediteli i bolezni [Birch. Its Pests and Diseases]. Moscow, 1973. 216 p.
8. Skryl'nyk Ju.Je., Kosheljajeva Ja.V. Pershі rezul'tati vivchennya stovburovikh komakh berezi povisloї (Betula pendula Roth.) u Kharkіvs'kіy oblastі [The First Results of the Study of Stem Insects of Betula pendula (Betula pendula Roth.) in the Kharkov Re-gion]. Visti Harkivs'kogo entomologichnogo tovarystva [The Kharkov Entomological Socie-ty Gazette], 2015, vol. XKhІІІ, no. 2, pp. 54–58.
9. Fedorov N.I., Kovbasa N.P., Yarmolovich V.A. Bakterial'naya vodyanka berezy – novoe zabolevanie v lesakh Belarusi [Bacterial Dropsy of Birch ? a New Disease in the Forests of Belarus]. Trudy BGTU [Proceedings of BSTU], 2004, no. 12, pp. 277–279.
10. Cherpakov V.V. Bakterial'nye bolezni lesnykh porod v patologii lesa [Bacterial Diseases of Wood Species in Forest Pathology]. Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj leso-tehniceskoj akademii (Izvestia SPbLTA), 2012, no. 200, pp. 292–303.
11. Shvets' M.V. Pro sytuaciju berezovyh nasadzhen' v lisah Zhytomyrs'kogo Polissja Ukrai'ny [On the Situation of Birch Plantations in the Forests of Zhytomyr Polesye of Ukraine]. Materialy mizhnar. nauk.-prakt .konf. Harkivs'kyj nacional'nyj agrarnyj universytet [Proc. Intern. Sci. Pract. Conf. Kharkov National Agrarian University], 2015, pp. 193–196. Received on March 28, 2017