The Impact of Moisture Content on the Accuracy of Wood Properties Evaluation by Drilling Resistance Measurement Method

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 0.5MB )

UDС

620.179.52; 674.051; 681.2.083

DOI:

10.17238/issn0536-1036.2016.2.103

Abstract

The method of diagnostics and control of wood on the basis of drilling resistance measuring
is one of the rapidly developing areas in the field of wood science and examination of wooden building constructions. The method of wood properties evaluation by drilling is based on the cutting process. Thus wood moisture content has a significant impact both on
the cutting process and density determination. The available results of the studies of the influence of moisture content on wood drilling resistance using boring drill bits do not allow to describe the true nature of the interaction of these variables with sufficient accuracy. The
investigations were carried out by a mobile device for wood and wood materials properties evaluation by drilling "ResistYX" (New Forest Technology LLC, Yoshkar-Ola), equipped with the standard drill bits. The significant impact of wood moisture content on wood drilling power, the process of wood chip formation and the accuracy of wood properties evaluation was established experimentally. It is related to changes in the mechanical properties of wood, and with an elastic recovery of cutting surface. The increasing of wood moisture content from absolutely dry condition to a normalized moisture level (10...12 %) is characterized by the decreased drilling power in average of 21 % for birch (B?tula P?ndula) and 15
% for the samples of pine (P?nus sylv?stris) and oak (Qu?rcus R?bur). A further increase of moisture content of wood samples up to 90...150 % is accompanied by the increasing of drilling power in average up to 50 % for birch and 25 % for pine and oak. The approximation of experimental data was carried out by using continuous piecewise smooth function on the intervals of direct and inverse relationship of drilling power with wood moisture content (coefficient of determination for pine – 0.69, for birch – 0.85, for oak – 0.71).

Authors

E.S. Sharapov, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor V.Yu. Chernov, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor A.S. Toropov, Doctor of Engineerig Sciences, Professor E.V. Smirnova, Postgraduate Student

Affiliation

Volga State University of Technology, Lenin sq., 3, Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El Republic,
424000, Russian Federation; е-mail: sharapoves@volgatech.net

Keywords

wood density, wood moisture content, non-destructive wood properties control, drilling resistance measurement, resistograph, ResistYX.

References

1. Lyubchenko V.I. Rezanie drevesiny i drevesnykh materialov [Wood and Wood
Materials Cutting]. Moscow, 1986. 296 p. 2. Sharapov E.S., Chernov V.Yu., Bychkova T.V. Ustroystvo dlya izmereniya soprotivleniya sverleniyu [The Device for Drill Resistance Measuring]. Patent RF, no. 95128, 2010.
3. Sharapov E.S., Chernov V.Yu., Chernov Yu.V. Ustroystvo dlya izmereniya soprotivleniya sverleniyu [The Device for Drill Resistance Measuring]. Patent RF 2448811, 2010.
4. Sharapov E.S., Chernov V.Yu. Issledovanie protsessa sverleniya drevesiny s ispol'zovaniem ustroystva sbora dannykh NI USB 6008 [The Research of Wood Drilling Process Using the Data Acquisition Device NI USB 6008]. Lesnoy Zhurnal, 2012, no. 6, pp. 96–100.
5. Sharapov E.S., Chernov V.Yu. Obosnovanie konstruktsii ustroystva dlya issledovaniya svoystv drevesiny sverleniem [Design Rationale of the Drilling Device for Wood Properties Evaluation]. Izvestia SPbLTA, 2011, no. 195, pp. 134–142.
6. Sharapov E.S., Toropov A.S., Chernov V.Yu. Rezul'taty eksperimental'nykh issledovaniy svoystv drevesiny kruglykh lesomaterialov po radiusu stvola [Experimental Researches Results of Wood Properties Along the Round Logs Radius]. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta lesa — Lesnoy vestnik [Moscow State Forest University Bulletin – Lesnoy Vestnik], 2012, no. 2, pp. 162–167.
7. Sharapov E.S., Chernov V.Yu. Sravnitel'nyy analiz sposobov opredeleniya plotnosti drevesiny s pomoshch'yu rentgenovskogo izlucheniya i ustroystva dlya izmereniya soprotivleniya sverleniyu [Comparative Analysis of Wood Density Techniques Determination with Using X-Ray Radiation and Device for Drilling Resistance Measurements]. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta lesa — Lesnoy vestnik [Moscow State Forest University Bulletin – Lesnoy Vestnik], 2014, no. 2, pp. 89–95.
8. Isik F., Li B.L. Rapid Assessment of Wood Density of Live Trees Using the Resistograph for Selection in Tree Improvement Programs. Can. J. Forest Res., 2003, no. 33(12), pp. 2426–2435.
9. Eckstein D., Sa? U. Bohrwiderstandsmessungen an Laubb iumen und ihre holzanatomische Interpretation. HolzRohWerkst., 1994, no. 52, pp. 279–286.
10. Gretchen L., Bohumil K., Ron A. In Situ Assessment of Structural Timber. State of the Art Report of the RILEM Technical Committee 215-AST, 2010, pp. 51–57.
11. Johnstone D., Ades P., Moore G.M., Smith I.W. Using an IML-Resi Drill to Assess Wood Density in Eucalyptus Globulus Subsp Pseudoglobulus. Australian Forestry, 2011, no. 74(3), pp. 190–196.
12. Lin C.J., Wang S.Y., Lin F.C., Chiu C.M. Effect of Moisture Content on the Drill Resistance Value in Taiwania Plantation Wood. Wood Fiber Sci., 2003, no. 35(2), pp. 234–238.
13. Mattheck C., Betghe K. VTA – Visual Tree Defect Assessment. Proc. 9th Int. Mett. Non-Destructive Testing. Madison, 1993.
14. Mattheck C., Bethge K., Albrecht W. How to Read the Results of Resistograph M. Arboricultural Journal, 1997, no. 21 (4), pp. 331–346.
15. Rinn F. Resistographic Visualization of Tree-Ring Density Variations. Tree Rings. Environment and Humanity. Radiocarbon, 1996, pp. 871–878.
16. Rinn F. Catalog of Relative Density Profiles of Trees Poles and Timber Derived from Resistograph Microdrilling. Proc. 9th International Symposium on Nondestructive Testing of Wood. September 22–24, 1993. Madison. WI. Published by Conferences & Institutes. Washington, 1994, pp. 61–67.
17. Rinn F., Schweingruber F.H., Schar E. Resistograph and X-ray Density Charts of Wood Comparative Evaluation of Drill Resistance Profiles and X-Ray Density Charts of Different Wood Species. Holzforschung, 1996, no. 50 (4), pp. 303–311.
18. Wang X., Wiedenbeck J., Ross R.J., Forsman J.W., Erickson J.R., Pilon C., Brashaw B.K. Nondestructive Evaluation of Incipient Decay in Hardwood Logs. Gen. Tech.
Rep. FPL-GTR-162. Madison. WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Forest Service. Forest Products Laboratory, 2005. 11p.
19. Winistorfer P.M., Xu W., Wimmer R. Application of a Drill Resistance Technique for Density Profile Measurement in Wood Composite Panels. Forest Products Journal, 1995, no. 45(6), pp. 90–93.
Received on November 30, 2015