Performance Measurement of Blueberry Leaves and Fruits

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 1.7MB )

UDС

634*73

DOI:

10.37482/0536-1036-2020-4-40-52

Abstract

The genus Vaccinium includes cowberries, cranberries and blueberries. Nowadays they are under large scale cultivation for the purposes of fruit production. In the Republic of Belarus bog blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) can be met in situ; among the cultivated plants the most prevalent varieties are highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.). Blueberry is rich in bioactive substances, such as organic acids, anthocyanins, pectin and tannins. The leaves and fruits of blueberries are a promising plant raw material for the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. It is useful for the production of herbal teas, juices, jams, preserves, shampoos, creams, infusions, extracts, etc. For the improved process of extracting leaves and fruits of blueberries, as well as quality estimation of extracts, it is necessary to know the basic technological properties of raw materials. During the study, the technological properties of various lowbush blueberry species were found. The properties of leaves are the following: bulk density – from 0.08±0.001 to 0.13±0.001 g/cm³; unit weight – from 1.20±0.003 to 2.10±0.001 g/cm³; bulk weight – from 0.09±0.001 to 0.14±0.003 g/cm³; porosity – from 0.04±0.001 to 0.06±0.002, void cross-section – from 0.89±0.001 to 0.95±0.001; absorption coefficient for water – from 4.99±0.10 to 6.09±0.10 cm³/g, 30 % ethanol – from 4.50±0.10 to 5.49±0.01 cm³/g, 50 % ethanol – from 4.25±0.05 to 5.03±0.05 cm³/g, 70 % ethanol – from 3.74±0.16 to 4.74±0.19 cm³/g and 96 % ethanol – from 2.75±0.15 to 3.49±0.09 cm³/g. The properties of fruits are the following: bulk density – from 0.57±0.001 to 0.69±0.001 g/cm³; unit weight – from 1.32±0.059 to 1.48±0.040 g/cm3; bulk weight – from 0.59±0.001 to 0.70±0.001 g/cm3; porosity – from 0.02±0.001 to 0.03±0.001; void cross-section – from 0.48±0.01 to 0.59±0.001; absorption coefficient for water – from 4.06±0.16 to 4.52±0.17 cm3/g, 30 % ethanol – from 3.38±0.05 to 4.06±0.02 cm3/g, 50 % ethanol – from 3.36±0.03 to 3.94±0.08 cm³/g, 70 % ethanol – from 2.86±0.09 to 3.74±0.07 cm³/g and 96 % ethanol – from 0.94±0.04 to 1.04±0.01 cm³/g. The obtained data allow to predict the optimal method and conditions of bioactive substances extraction from blueberry leaves and fruit. The data can also be used in the development of technological documentation which regulates the production process and the quality of the final product, as well as in the calculation of the process mass balance to ensure the appropriate level of profitability.
Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to candidate of biology, senior lecturer of the Department of Tourism, Nature Management and Game Management of the Belarusian State Technological University D.V. Gordey for the assistance in sampling.

Authors

E.A. Flyurik, Candidate of Biology, Assoc. Prof.; ResearchrID: P-2621-2019,
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-7693
N.V. Bushkevich, Postgraduate Student; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1199-0903

Affiliation

Belarusian State Technological University, ul. Sverdlova, 13a, Minsk, 220006, Republic of Belarus; e-mail: FlurikE@mail.ru, nadya-valoven@mail.ru

Keywords

technological properties, fruits and leaves of lowbush blueberry, Polovchanka, Motego, Yanka, hybrid Form 24

For citation

Flyurik E.A., Bushkevich N.V. Performance Measurement of Blueberry Leaves and Fruits. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2020, no. 4, pp. 40–52. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2020-4-40-52

References

1. Bekbolatova E.N., Sakipova Z.B., Kbadenova A.T., Ibragimova L.N., Malikova N.T. The Study of the Technological Parameters of Herbal Substance Crataegus almaatensis Pojark. Vestnik KazNMU, 2017, no. 1, pp. 418–421.
2. Bordok I.V., Moiseeva T.R., Makhovik I.V., Volkova N.V. The Practice of Creating Blueberry Plantations of Tall Forestr Institutions (On the Example of the State Forestr Institution “Milosevic Forestr ”). Natural Resources of Polesye: Assessment, Use, Protection. Pinsk, PolesSU Publ., 2015, pp. 58–60.
3. Bulavko G.I., Yakovlev A.P. Mycorrhiza Development on the Roots of Some Representatives of the Genus Vaccinium during Cultivation in the Fault Areas of Peatlands. Experience and Prospects of Blueberry Cultivation in Belarus and Bordening Countries. Pinsk, PolesSU Publ., 2014, pp. 22–28.
4. Bushkevich N.V., Flyurik E.A. Anthocyanins of Blueberry Leaves. Proceedings of the 5th International Scientific and ractical Conference “Biotechnology: Looking forward”. Stavropol, 2019, pp. 3–5.
5. Valoven’ N.V., Fl urik E.A. Anal sis of the Ascorbic Acid Content in Various Species of Blueberries. Proceedings of the 4th International Scientific and ractical Conference “Biotechnology: Looking forward”. Stavropol, 2018, pp. 166–167.
6. Vasilevskaya T.I., Rupasova Zh.A., Reshetnikov V.N. Formation of the Biochemical Composition of Fruits of the Ericaceae Species when Introduced in Belarus. Minsk, 2011. 307 p.
7. Velichko N.A., Berikashvili Z.N. The Study of the Chemical Composition of Berries of Blueberry and Common Development of Formulations of Drinks on Its Basis. Vestnik KrasGAU [The Bulletin of KrasGAU], 2016, no. 7, pp. 126–131.
8. Gordey D.V. Cultivation of Lowbush Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) in the Depleted Areas of Upper eat Deposits in Introduction in Belarusian oozer’ye: Сand. Biol. Sci. Diss. Minsk, 2014. 192 p.
9. Il’in V.S. Rosehip, Cranberry and Other Rare Garden Crops. Chelyabinsk, FGBNU YuUNIISK Publ., 2017. 318 p.
10. Makeev V.A., Tyak G.V., Makeeva G.Yu. Experience Lowbush Blueberry Cultivation on Cutover Peatlands Kostroma Region. Lesokhozyaystvennaya informatsiya [Forestry information], 2017, no. 2, pp. 91–102. DOI: 10.24419/LHI.2304-3083.2017.2.09
11. Minina S.A., Kaukhova I.E. Chemistry and Technology of Phytopreparations. Moscow, GEOTAR-Media Publ., 2009. 560 р.
12. Mukhametova S.V., Skochilova E.A., Protasov D.V. Fruiting Parameters and Content of Flavonoids and Ascorbic Acid in Blueberry (Vaccinium) Fruits. Khimija rastitel’nogo syr’ja [Chemistry of plant raw material], 2017, no. 3, pp. 113–121. DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.2017031785
13. Polina S.A., Efremov A.A. Determination Composition of Anthocyanins in Bilberry, Cowberry and Cranberry with HPLC. Khimija rastitel’nogo syr’ja [Chemistry of plant raw material], 2014, no. 2, pp. 103–110. DOI: org/10.14258/jcprm.1402103
14. Suina I.O., Terninko I.I. Study of Technological Parameters and the Numerical Indicators of the Quality of Raw Materials Aristolochia clematitis L. Razrabotka i registraciâ lekarstvennyh sredstv [Drug development & registration], 2017, no. 4(21), pp. 202–205.
15. Talanov A.A. Pharmacognostic Study of Bog Blueberry: Vaccinium uliginosum L.: Cand. Farm. Sci. Diss. Perm, 2013. 208 p.
16. Fedoseeva L.M. Studying the Technological Properties of Brown Leaves of Heart-Leaved Bergenia. Khimija rastitel’nogo syr’ja [Chemistry of plant raw material], 2000, no. 1, pp. 113–115.
17. Flyurik E.A., Bondarenko Zh.V., Valoven’ N.V. Tincture Preparation from Northern High Bush Blueberries and a Study of Their Influence on the Cosmetic Emulsion Properties. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2018, no. 6, pp. 160–171. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2018.6.160, URL: http://lesnoizhurnal.ru/upload/iblock/449/160_171.pdf
18. Khodakov I.V. The Use of Wine Cabernet-Sauvignon for the Determination of Identification Parameters of Anthocyanidin 3-O-Glucosides in Analysis of Anthocyanin Composition in Bilberry Fruit Paste. Khimija rastitel’nogo syr’ja [Chemistry of plant raw material], 2014, no. 2, pp. 147–154. DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.1402147
19. Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus: Conservation, Study and Use of Biodiversity of the World Flora. Ed. by V.V. Titok, V.N. Reshetnikov. Minsk, Belaruskaya navuka Publ., 2012. 345 p.
20. Bunea A., Rugină D., Sconţa Z., Pop R.M., Pintea A., Socaciu C. et al. Anthocyanin Determination in Blueberry Extracts from Various Cultivars and Their Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Properties in B16-F10 Metastatic Murine Melanoma Cells. Phytochemistry, 2013, vol. 95, pp. 436–444. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.06.018
21. Daubaras R., Česonienė L., Kraujal te V., Venskutonis P.R. Health Promoting Properties of Vaccinium angustifolium and Vaccinium corymbosum. Planta Medica, 2014, vol. 80(16), art. P2B79. DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1394956
22. Drummond F. Reproductive Biology of Wild Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton). Agriculture, 2019, vol. 9, iss. 4, art. 69. DOI: 10.3390/agriculture9040069
23. Moyer R.A., Hummer K.E., Finn C.E., Frei B., Wrolstad R.E. Anthocyanins,
Phenolics, and Antioxidant Capacity in Diverse Small Fruits: Vaccinium, Rubus, and Ribes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002, vol. 50, iss. 3, pp. 519–525. DOI: 10.1021/jf011062r
24. Muceniece R., Klavins L., Kviesis J., Jekabsons K., Rembergs R., Saleniece K. et al. Antioxidative, Hypoglycaemic and Hepatoprotective Properties of Five Vaccinium spp. Berry Pomace Extracts. Journal of Berry Research, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 267–282. DOI: 10.3233/JBR-180351
25. Routray W., Orsat V. Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins: Factors Affecting Biosynthesis and Properties. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 2011, vol. 10, iss. 6, pp. 303–320. DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00164.x
26. Song G.-Q., Hancock J.F. Vaccinium. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Ed. by C. Kole. Berlin, Springer, 2011, pp. 197–221. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-16057-8_10
27. Sõukand R., Hrynevich Ya, Vasilyeva I., Prakofjewa J., Vnukovich Yu., Paciupa Ju. et al. Multi-Functionality of the Few: Current and Past Uses of Wild Plants for Food and Healing in Liubań Region, Belarus. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 2017, vol. 13, art. 10. DOI: 10.1186/s13002-017-0139-x
28. Stevenson D., Scalzo J. Anthocyanin Composition and Content of Blueberries from Around the World. Journal of Berry Research, 2012, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 179–189. DOI: 10.3233/JBR-2012-038
29. Teplova V.V., Isakova E.P., Klein O.I., Dergachova D.I., Gessler N.N., Deryabina Y.I. Natural Polyphenols: Biological Activity, Pharmacological Potential, Means of Metabolic Engineering (Review). Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2018, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 221–237. DOI: 10.1134/S0003683818030146
30. Wang B.C., He R., Li Z.M. The Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanins from Blueberry. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 2010, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 42–49.

Received on August 24, 2019