On Natural Reforestation in the Focus of Pine Fungus

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UDС

UDС 630*443.3

DOI:

10.17238/issn0536-1036.2017.4.45

Abstract

One of the negative consequences of the development of foci of pine fungus, along with the stands decomposition, is the uncertainty in the possibility of natural regeneration of coniferous species. Therefore, the studies of the natural regeneration course in the foci of pine fungus of different degrees of development are not only relevant, but also timely. The goal of research was to study the processes of pine trees differentiation and the natural forest regeneration in the centers of desiccation of trees with pine fungus. The studies were conducted in summer of 2015 in the emerging, active and decaying foci of desiccation. For each category of desiccation, by 6 foci of round shape with an average diameter of 40 m were examined. For comparison, control areas with the same characteristics as the foci of desiccation and comparable sizes (35 - 40 m) were established on the interfocal area. The average area of the focus and control area was 0.13 ha. On every control area and every center of desicca-tion, we performed a continuous counting of trees, dividing them into 6 categories of state. The average number of trees was counted (pcs.): in the control areas - 92, in emerging foci - 85, in active foci - 79, in decaying foci - 76. The study results showed in the centers of desiccation, located in the pine forest, a gradual decrease in number of conditionally healthy trees and an increase in the number of weakened, experiencing mortality, dead trees as the foci transferred from the category of emerging foci to the active and decaying categories. In the control areas, in the process of tree differentiation, on average, 73 trees (or 79 %) were found without external symptom of weakening, i. e. conditionally healthy. In a similar area in the emerging foci of desiccation we found only 58 such trees (or 69 %), in the active ? 21 pcs. (27 %), in decaying ? 14 pieces (18 %). In the foci of desiccation, especially under the canopy, an ample amount of all-aged natural seeding and undergrowth of various tree species could be formed. In the examined forest cultures, we observed an increase in the amount of natural seeding of pine in the foci of desiccation as they transferred from the emerging to the active and decaying foci. The increase of natural seeding of pine in active and decaying foci of desiccation, in comparison with the control and emerging foci, was associated, in our opinion, with the fact that, with the development in the foci of desiccation, the completeness decreased with time, interruption of canopy appeared, in which the better conditions were created for natural regeneration of pine.

Authors

B.P. Churakov, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor S.G. Bityaev, Postgraduate Student R.A. Churakov, Student

Affiliation

Ulyanovsk State University, ul. L. Tolstogo, 42, Ulyanovsk, 432000, Russian Federation; e-mail: churakovbp@yandex.ru

Keywords

pine, pine fungus, differentiation of trees, forest type, center of desiccation, category of tree state, natural reforestation.

For citation

Churakov B.P., Bityaev S.G., Churakov R.A. On Natural Reforestation in the Focus of Pine Fungus. Lesnoy zhurnal [Forestry journal], 2017, no. 4, pp. 45–56. 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2017.4.45

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Received on January 14, 2017