The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Seasonal Growth of Deciduous Trees of the Forest-Forming Species in the Taiga Zone

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582.475.2:581.522.68

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DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2017.1.51

Abstract

The biological productivity of hardwood depends on the growth duration of all tree organs. The duration and intensity of the seasonal growth of shoots, leaves and stems of white birch   61 (Betula pubescens Ehrn.), Populus tremula L. and grey alder (Alnus incana (L.) Moench) were investigated in 2002–2006 in the Middle of Karelia (the northern taiga subzone). The growth of vegetative organs of the studied trees species occurs in the following sequence. The shoots of Betula pubescens and Alnus incana start to grow in late May, of Populus tremula – in early June. We observed new leaves of the first two types in 4-5 days after the beginning of this phenophase; of Populus tremula - in 1 day. Populus tremula and Alnus incana started to form stem wood in mid-June, Betula pubescens – in 5 days. The culmination of the Alnus incana and Populus tremula shoots growth was marked in late June, of Betula pubescens – in mid-July; of leaves of Alnus incana – in early July, of trees of other species - a week later; stems of Populus tremula - in early July, and of other species - in 4…7 days. The growth of shoots in Alnus incana trees stops in mid-July, in Betula pu-bescens and Populus tremul trees – in 5…9 days; the stem growth – in late August, firstly in Alnus incana trees. The shoots formation period of Populus tremula, Alnus incana and Betula pubescens trees is 43, 51 and 62 days, respectively; the leaves formation period is 70, 79 and 78 days; the stem formation period is - 66, 60 and 72 days. The shoot growth in the studied species of trees begins at the same air temperature: 12.2…13.4 °C; the leaves growth of Alnus incana and Betula pubescens trees - at 9.6 and 11.8 °C, respectively, and of Populus tremula trees - at 15 °C. The stems of all spesies start to grow at 14.5…15.7 °C. The maximum growth of tree shoots of all species takes place at an air temperature of 18.3…19.2 °C; of leaves – at 18.2…19.4 °C; of stems - at 18.0…19.0 °C. The growth of vegetative organs of the studied species stops at the same air temperature conditions: shoots – at 18.3… 17.3 °C, leaves – at 12.8…13.5 °C, stems – at 13.3…14.3 °C. Betula pubescens is the least demanding tree to the air temperature regime among the studied species; all phases of growth of vegetative organs occur at the lowest temperatures and heat supply.

Authors

I.T. Kishchenko, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor

Affiliation

Petrozavodsk State University, Lenina pr., 33, Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia, 185640, Russian Federation; е-mail: ivanki@karelia.ru

Keywords

Betula, Populus, Alnus, shoot, leave, stem, environmental factor, growth

For citation

Kishchenko I.T. The Impact of Climatic Factors on the Seasonal Growth of Deciduous Trees of the Forest-Forming Species in the Taiga Zone. Lesnoy zhurnal [Forestry journal], 2017, no. 1, pp. 51–63. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2017.1.51

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Received on September 30, 2015