Current Status of Modeling and Optimization of Forest Roads?

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 0.5MB )

UDС

625.711.84

DOI:

10.17238/issn0536-1036.2016.5.108

Abstract

The paper presents the achievements and opportunities of using modern modeling and opti-mization methods in the automated design of road networks and forest roads. The selection of optimization techniques will improve the efficiency of decision-making for the planning and organization of road construction. The survey includes both domestic and foreign de-velopments with the general trends and distinctive features. The paper considers the existing approaches, design stages and the levels of forest road planning. Vector and raster spatial data models, which are the base of road networks modeling, are introduced. The main high-ways design optimization problems are highlighted depending on the process phase. Solu-tion methods are listed in two categories – the exact and heuristic along with problems-solving examples. The most common methods of transport networks optimization are the shortest path method and the minimum spanning tree algorithm. They form the base of the search process of optimal transport network on graphs, successfully implemented in solving transport problems in the medium and short terms, and for small areas. On the basis of the analysis the classification of forest roads models are highlighted. It is concluded that the use of multi-criteria optimization methods and spatial analysis based on the geographic infor-mation system is actual for strategic planning problems. The paper proposes the creation of forest roads management system with four main units: informational, modeling, optimiza-tion and visualization. The effectiveness of the system will depend on the development of long-term strategy and optimization of the main forest roads, as well as the supporting of the selection relationship of cutting fund and prospective schedule of putting into operation of road sections projected by the general scheme. Several optimization techniques depending on the level of planning can be used.

Authors

L.Ya. Gromskaya, Candidate of Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor M.V. Simonenkov, Postgraduate Student

Affiliation

Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University under name of S.M. Kirov, Institutskiy pereulok, 5, Saint Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation; е-mail: gromskaya.stl@gmail.com

Keywords

forest roads, road network, logging, forest transport infrastructure planning, for-est road design, modeling and optimization method.

References

1. Аntonova T.S. Obosnovanie metodiki razmeshcheniya lesosek i transportnogo osvoeniya lesov lesozagotovitel'nogo predpriyatiya na baze geoinformatsionnykh system: dis. … kand. tekhn. nauk [Justification of a Technique of Cutting Areas Allocation and Transport Forest Exploitation of a Logging Enterprise Based on the GIS: Cand. Eng. Sci. Diss.]. Saint Petersburg, 2012. 170 р.
2. Gerasimov Yu.Yu., Sokolov A.P., Katarov V.K. Razrabotka sistemy optimal'nogo proektirovaniya seti lesovoznykh dorog [Development of the Optimal Design System of the Forest Roads Network]. Informatsionnye tekhnologii [Information Technologies], 2011, no. 1, pp. 118–124.
3. Gerasimov Yu.Yu., Syunev V.S., Sokolov A.P. Algoritmy opredeleniya opti-mal'nykh marshrutov na grafakh dlya resheniya zadach upravleniya sistemami trans-portirovki drevesiny dlya lesopromyshlennogo kompleksa i bioenergetiki [Algorithms for Optimal Routes Determination on Graphs for the Control Solution of Timber Transport Sys-tems for the Timber Industry and Bioenergy]. Trudy lesoinzhenernogo Fakul'teta PetrGU, 2010, no. 8, pp. 30–33.
4. Kukin V.D., Kuzina V.I. Realizatsiya kontseptsii ocherednosti osvoeniya lesosyr'evoy bazy v sisteme STEIN [Implementation of the Concept of Development Priori-ty of Forest Resources in the STEIN]. Metody matematicheskogo modelirovaniya i infor-matsionnye tekhnologii: trudy Karel'skogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN [Methods of Mathemati-cal Modeling and Information Technologies: Transactions of Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences], 1999, no. 1, pp. 169–174.
5. Mokhirev A.P. Obosnovanie proektirovaniya seti lesnykh dorog na primere predpriyatiy Nizhnego Priangar'ya: dis. … kand. tekhn. nauk [Justification of the Forest Road Network Design on the Example of the Enterprises of the Lower Angara Region: Cand. Eng. Sci. Diss.]. Krasnoyarsk, 2007. 176 p.
6. Mokhirev A.P., Dryagin V.V. Geograficheskaya informatsionnaya sistema dlya upravleniya lesopol'zovaniem “Les-optima” [Geographic Information System “Les-Optima” for Forest Management]. Certificate of authorship RF, no. 2012612350, 2012.
7. Mokhirev A.P., Egarmin P.A. Geograficheskaya informatsionnaya sistema plani-rovaniya optimal'nogo osvoeniya lesnogo fonda [Geographic Information System of the Forest Optimal Development Planning]. Sistemy. Metody. Tekhnologii [Systems. Methods. Technologies], 2011, no. 4(12), pp. 172–177.
8. Rozhin D.V. Obosnovanie kompleksa remontno-stroitel'nykh meropriyatiy seti lesovoznykh dorog lesozagotovitel'nogo rayona: avtoref. dis. … kand. tekhn. nauk [Justifi-cation of the Complex of Repair and Construction Projects of the Forest Roads Network in a Cutting Area: Cand. Eng. Sci. Diss. Abs.]. Petrozavodsk, 2012. 21 p.
9. Sokolov A.P., Gerasimov Yu.Yu. Sistema podderzhki tekhnologiy po proizvod-stvu i logistike drevesnogo topliva: algoritmy i optimizatsiya [The Support System of Wood Fuel Production and Logistics Technologies: Algorithms and Optimization]. Khvoynye bo-real'noy zony [Conifers of the Boreal Area], 2013, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 208–214.
10. Sokolov A.P., Syunev V.S., Gerasimov Yu.Yu., Kar"yalaynen T. Optimizatsiya logistiki lesozagotovok [Оptimization of Harvesting Logistics]. Resources and Technology, 2012, no. 9(2), pp. 117–128.
11. Abdi E., Majnounian B., Darvishsefat A., Mashayekhi Z., Sessions J. A GIS-MCE Based Model for Forest Road Planning. J. of Forest Science, 2009, vol. 55(4), pp. 171–176.
12. Akay A. A New Methodology in Designing Forest Roads. Turkish J. Agricul. Forest., 2004, vol. 28, pp. 273–279.
13. Anderson A., Nelson J., D’Eon R. Determining Optimal Road Class and Road Deactivation Strategies Using Dynamic Programming. Canadian J. of Forest Research, 2006, vol. 36, pp. 1509–1518.
14. Anderson A., Nelson J. Projecting Vector-Based Road Networks with a Shortest Path Algorithm. Canadian J. of Forest Research, 2004, vol. 34, pp. 1444–1457.
15. Aruga K. Tabu Search Optimization of Horizontal and Vertical Alignments of Forest Roads. J. of Forest Research, 2005, vol. 10, pp. 275–284.
16. Chung W. SNAP for ArcGIS. A Scheduling and Network Analysis Program for Tactical Harvest Planning, 2010.
17. Chung W., Dykstra D.P., Bower F., O’Brien S.A., Abt R.M., Sessions J. User’s Guide to SNAP for ArcGIS®: ArcGIS Interface for Scheduling and Network Analysis Pro-gram. USDA Forest Service PNW-GTR-847, 2012. 34 p.
18. Chung W., Sessions J. NETWORK 2000: a Program for Optimizing Fixed and Variable Cost Transportation Systems. Proc. of the 8th Symposium on Systems Analysis in Forest Resources. USA, Boston, 2003.
19. Chung W., Sessions J. Designing a Forest Road Network Using Heuristic Opti-mization Techniques. Proc. of the 24th Meeting of the Council of Forest Engineering, July 15–19. USA, Snowshoe, West Virginia, 2001.
20. Chung W., Sessions J. NETWORK 2001 – Transportation Planning Under Multi-ple Objectives. Ed. by P. Schiess and F. Krogstad. Proc. of the International Mountain Log-ging and 11th Pacific Northwest Skyline Symposium, December 10–12. USA, Seattle, WA, 2001.
21. Clark M.M., Meller Russell D., McDonald T.P. A Three-Stage Heuristic for Har-vest Scheduling with Access Road Network Development. Forest Science, 2000, vol. 46(2), pp. 204–218.
22. Epstein R., Weintraub A., Sapunar P., Nieto E., Sessions J., Sessions F., Busta-mante F., Musante H. A Combinatorial Heuristic Approach for Solving Real-Size Machin-ery Location and Road Design Problems in Forestry Planning. Annals of Operations Re-search, 2006, vol. 54(6), pp. 1017–1027.
23. Frayret J.-M., Meignan D,. Pesant G. Interactive Planning System for Forest Road Construction. International Conf. on Information Systems, Logistics and Supply Chain (ILS 2012), August 26–29. Canada, Quebec, 2012.
24. Jong J.C., Schonfeld P. An Evolutionary Model for Simultaneously Optimizing Three-Dimensional Highway Alignments. Transportation Research, 2003, part B, vol. 37, pp. 107–128.
25. Liatsis P., Tawfik H.M. Two-Dimensional Road Shape Optimization Using Ge-netic Algorithms. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 1999, vol. 51, pp. 19–31.
26. Lubello D. A Rule-Based SDSS for Integrated Forest Harvesting Planning. Uni-versit? degli Studi di Padova, 2008.
27. Meng X. Design of GIS Based Forest Road Layout and Environmental Assess-ment Tool: MS thesis. Canada, New Brunswick, 2001.
28. Najafi A., Evelyn W. Richards. Designing a Forest Road Network Using Mixed Integer Programming. Croatian J. of Forest Engineering, 2013, vol. 34(1), p. 13.
29. Najafi A., Sobhani H., Saeed A., Makhdom M., Mohajer M. Planning and As-sessment of Alternative Forest Road and Skidding Networks. Croatian J. of Forest Engi-neering, 2008, vol. 29(1), pp. 63–73.
30. Newnham R.M. ROADPLAN: a Tool for Designing Forest Road Networks. J. of Forest Engineering, 1995, vol. 6(2), pp. 17–26.
31. Pellegrini M. Support Tools for Planning and Management of a Forest Road Network. Universit? degli Studi di Padova, 2012.
32. Saito M., Goshima M., Aruga K., Matsue K., Shuin Y., Tasaka T. Study of Au-tomatic Forest Road Design Model Considering Shallow Landslides with LiDAR Data of Funyu Experimental Forest. Croatian J. of Forest Engineering, 2013, vol. 34(1), pp. 1–15
33. Schwartz J., St?ckelberger J. Computing Lower Bounds for Steiner Trees in Road Network Design. The 7th International Symposium on Operations Research and Its Applications (ISORA’08), October 31–November 3. China, Lijiang, 2008.
34. Sessions J., Sessions J.B. Scheduling and Network Analysis Program (SNAP II): User's Guide. USA, Corvallis, OR, 1991.
35. St?ckelberger J.A. A Weighted-Graph Optimization Approach for Automatic Lo-cation of Forest Road Network: Diss. no. 17366. Switzerland, Z?rich, 2007. 127 p.
36. St?ckelberger J.A., Heinimann H.R., Burlet E.C. Modelling Spatial Variability in the Life-Cycle Costs of Low-Volume Forest Roads. European J. of Forest Research, 2006, vol. 125, pp. 377–390.
37. St?ckelberger J.A., Heinimann H.R., Chung W., Ulber M. Automatic Road-Networkplanning for Multiple Objectives. Ed. by W. Chung, H.S. Han. Council on Forest Engineering: Annual Conference, Coeur d’Alene, MT, USA. USA, University of Montana, 2006, pp. 233–248.
38. Tan J. Locating Forest Roads by a Spatial and Heuristc Procedure Using Micro-computers. J. of Forest Engineering, 1999, vol. 10(2), pp. 91–100.
39. Tan J. Application of Dynamic Programming to Optimum Location of Forest Road. J. of Forest Engineering, 2000, pp. 85–89.
40. Weintraub A., Church R.L., Murray A.T., Guignard M. Forest Management Models and Combinatorial Algorithms: Analysis of State of the Art. Annals of Operations Research, 2000, vol. 96, pp. 271–285.
41. Weintraub A.P., Epstein R., Murphy G., Manley B. The Impact of Environmental Constraints on Short Term Harvesting: Use of Planning Tools and Mathematical Models. Annals of Operations Research, 2000, vol. 5, pp. 41–66.
Received on April 18, 2016