Anisotropy and Dissipative Properties of Wood. P. 145–156

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 0.6MB )

UDС

620.179, 691.113, 539.3

DOI:

10.37482/0536-1036-2026-4-145-156

Abstract

Mathematical models describing energy dissipation during oscillations of structures made of isotropic materials are approximate and empirical. The issue of accurately describing the energy dissipation of oscillations becomes even more acute when the oscillations occur in an anisotropic body containing inhomogeneities. This paper is devoted to a computational and experimental study of the dissipative properties of wood. In the majority of cases, these wood properties are determined by a single parameter: the decrement of mechanical oscillations. This is insufficient for accurately modeling the dynamic behavior of wood structures. It is known that the decrement of mechanical oscillations is not constant across the frequency range and depends on the orientation of the wood fibers relative to the direction of the driving force. These features have to be taken into account when developing appropriate mathematical models of wood structures. Therefore, development of new methods and determination of the energy dissipation fundamental patterns (both throughout the object volume and across various areas of the frequency range) appear to be of current relevance. This paper applies an original experimental method for assessing the elastic and dissipative properties of spruce and birch wood samples. Elastic moduli and mechanical oscillation decrements are determined for these samples. We studied the influence of anisotropy and the scale factor on these. A correlation has been found between the elastic and dissipative properties of wood. As the modulus of elasticity in the longitudinal direction of the sample increases, its dissipative properties decrease: the logarithmic decrement of the oscillations decreases. A hypothesis has been proposed concerning the relationship between the elastic and dissipative properties of wood. This means that an accurate description of the energy dissipation properties of a given type of wood should include not one damping constant, but nine (number of elastic constants for an orthotropic body). The validity of the results obtained was tested using a finite-element model of a wood sample. The computed ratios for wood are derived based on the orthotropic body model. Shear deformations are treated according to S.P. Timoshenko’s hypothesis. The results of the numerical studies are confirmed by their high correspondence with the data from field experiments.

Authors

Sergey V. Shlychkov, Candidate of Engineering, Assoc. Prof.; ResearcherID: PAV-3393-2025, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0892-0245

Affiliation

Volga State University of Technology, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia; shlychkovsv@volgatech.net

Keywords

eigenfrequency, elastic modulus, finite element, logarithmic decrement of oscillations, dissipative properties, wood properties

For citation

Shlychkov S.V. Anisotropy and Dissipative Properties of Wood. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2026, no. 4, pp. 145–156. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2026-4-145-156

References

1. Ashkenazi E.K., Ganov E.V. Anisotropy of Structural Materials. Leningrad, Mashinostroyeniye Publ., 1980. 247 p. (In Russ.).

2. Biderman V.L. Theory of Mechanical Oscillations. Moscow, Vysshaya Shkola Publ., 1980. 408 p. (In Russ.).

3. Makar’yeva T.A. A Study of the Acoustic Properties of Wood Employed for Musical Instrument Tops and the Development of Methods for Their Control in Production Conditions: Cand. Engin. Sci. Diss. Moscow, 1975. 200 p. (In Russ.).

4. Paimushin V.N., Firsov V.A., Gyunal I., Shishkin V.M. Theoretical-Experimental Method for Determination of Aerodynamic Damping Component of Test Samples with Diamond-Shaped Cross-Section. PNRPU Mechanics Bulletin, 2016, no. 4, рр. 200–219. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2016.4.12

5. Shlychkov S.V. Method of Determining Elastic-Dissipative Characteristics of Wood. Patent RF, no. RU 2715222 C1, 2020. 8 p. (In Russ.).

6. Pisarenko G.S., Yakovlev A.P., Matveev V.V. Handbook of Materials Strength. Kyiv, Naukova Dumka Publ., 1988. 736 p. (In Russ.).

7. Pishchik I.I. Non-Destructive Dating of Long-Aged Wood: Dr. Engin. Sci. Diss. Abs. Moscow, 2005. 31 p. (In Russ.).

8. Pishchik I.I. On the Issue of Using Long-Seasoned Wood in Musical Instruments. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2012, no. 3, pp. 115–119. (In Russ.).

9. Saldaeva E.Y., Tsvetkova E.M., Shlychkov S.V. Identification of the Elastic Properties of Wood. Fundamental research, 2013, no. 10, part 12, pp. 2625–2629. (In Russ.).

10. Svetlitskiy V.A., Stasenko I.V. Collection of Tasks in the Theory of Oscillations. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1973. 456 p. (In Russ.).

11. Tuluzakov V.V. On the Logarithmic Decrement of Attenuation of Resonant Wood. Nauchnyye trudy MLTI, 1981, iss. 131, pp. 11–14. (In Russ.).

12. Ugolev B.N. Wood Science and Forest Commodity Science. Moscow, MGUL Publ., 2007. 351 p. (In Russ.).

13. Babichev A.P., Babushkina N.A., Bratkovskiy A.M., Brodov M.E., Bystroye M.V., et al. Physical Quantities: Handbook. Ed. by I.S. Grigoriev, E.Z. Meilikhova. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ. 1991. 1231 p. (In Russ.).

14. Shlychkov S.V. Influence of Wood Species on the Quality of Acoustic Panels. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2016, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 60–63. (In Russ.).

15. Shlychkov S.V., Tarasova O.G. Identification of Elastic-Dissipative Properties of Wood. Bulletin of Volga State University of Technology. Series “Materials. Constructions. Technologies”, 2022, no. 3, pp. 34–42. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25686/2542-114X.2022.3.34

16. ANSYS Mechanical APDL Verification Manual. ANSYS, Inc. Release 15.0 Southpointe, November 2013, 275 Technology Drive Canonsburg, PA 15317. ANSYS Inc., 2013. Available at: http://www.ansys.com (accessed 21.06.26).

17. ASTM E-756. Standard Test Method for Measuring Vibration Damping Properties of Materials. S. l. ASTM Intern., 2004.

18. Bremaud I., Gril J., Thibaut B. Anisotropy of Wood Vibrational Properties: Dependence on Grain Angle and Review of Literature Data. Wood Science and Technology, 2011, vol. 45, pp. 735–754. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-010-0393-8

19. Bremaud I., Gril J. Moisture Content Dependence of Anisotropic Vibrational Properties of Wood at Quasi Equilibrium: Analytical Review and Multi-Trajectories Experiments. Holzforschung, 2021, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 313–327. https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2020-0028

20. Bucur V. Acoustics of Wood. Berlin, Springer, 2006. 394 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30594-7

21. Guiman M.V., Stanciu M.D., Roșca I.C., Georgescu S.V., Năstac S.M., Câmpean M. Influence of the Grain Orientation of Wood upon Its Sound Absorption Properties. Materials, 2023, vol. 16, iss. 17, art. 5998. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16175998

22. Timoshenko S.P., Gere J.M. Mechanics of Materials. New York, Van Nostrand Company, 1972. 575 p.