Growth of Vegetative Organs of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Anthropogenic Environment

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UDС

582.475.2:581.522.4

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-3-59-72

Abstract

The studies were carried out in stands of various degree of devastation: in the city, suburban forests and forests of the green zone. Recreational loads strongly affect the sanitary condition of spruce forests. The number of healthy trees decreases to 30–42 % with increasing recreational digression, while the number of declining and dead trees increases to 15–36 %. The state of tree stands in the forests of the green zone is estimated at 1.2–1.5 points, and 2.1–2.7 points in the suburban forests. No declining and dead trees were found in the forests of the green zone, and in the suburban forests their share was 15 and 36 % of the total number, respectively. Therefore, generally, spruce suburban forests are classified as weakened. Approximately 59 % of the area of suburban forests is in the III stage of recreational digression, and 19 % – in the IV stage. Growth studies of P. abies showed that the features of these processes are determined mainly by the seasonal variability of climatic factors. Studies have shown that the features of growth processes of P. abies are determined mainly by seasonal variation of meteorological factors. It was found that the earliest growth of shoots timing of these phenophases reaches 1–2 weeks. Soil compaction as a result of recreational loads has a particularly negative effect on the intensity of tree growth and annual growth of vegetative organs. Shoots of P. abies in green forests (undisturbed stands) are longer than in suburban and urban plantations by 2–30 % and 6–17%, respectively. The longest needles (16.6–19.7 mm) are formed in the forests of the green zone. In urban plantations this value is 12.8–15.0 mm. The smallest needle packing was found in the city conditions, characterized by the maximum degree of recreational digression. Here, the annual radial increment of the trunk of P. abies under the influence of recreational loads decreases by 16–20 % compared to the forests of the green zone. The sequence in the growth phenophases does not depend on the degree of environmental disturbance. The shoots are the first to grow (in May), young needles after 1 or 2 weeks, and then the formation of wood in the lower part of the trunk begins. The sequence in stopping the growth processes is as follows: shoots, needles, trunks.

Authors

Ivan T. Kishchenko¹, Doctor of Biology, Prof., Academician of RANH; ResearcherID: AAC-1083-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1039-1020
Elena S. Olkhina², Candidate of Biology, Senior Lecturer; ResearcherID:AAG-1839-2021, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3476-2946

Affiliation

¹Petrozavodsk State University, prosp. Lenina, 33, Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia, 185910, Russian Federation; е-mail: ivanki@karelia.ru
²Petrozavodsk Forestry Technical School, ul. Kalinina, 41, Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia, 185003, Russian Federation; е-mail: olkhin@psu.karelia.ru

Keywords

recreation, Picea abies, growth, shoots, needles, trunks, anthropogenic factors

Funding

The research was carried out with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No. 18-44-100002 р_а).

For citation

Kishchenko I.T., Olkhina E.S. Growth of Vegetative Organs of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Anthropogenic Environment. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 3, pp. 59–72. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-3-59-72

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