![](/img/foto/znak_otkr.jpg)
Address: Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V.Lomonosov, office 1425
Phone: +7 (8182) 21-61-18
E-mail: forest@narfu.ru
http://lesnoizhurnal.ru/en/
|
Comparative Analysis of the Ecological-Floristic Classification and the Russian Forest Typologies. P. 49–67
|
![Версия для печати](/img/print.png) |
Natalya S. Ivanova, Valery V. Fomin, Sergey V. Zalesov, Anna P. Mikhailovich
UDС
630*187
DOI:
10.37482/0536-1036-2024-4-49-67
Abstract
At the beginning of the 20th century in Europe, a scientific direction was formed, called phytosociology, the founder of which was the Swiss botanist and ecologist J. Braun- Blanquet. The approach he developed has become widespread throughout the world and has formed the basis for a large number of vegetation classifications. The article provides a description of the ecological-floristic approach to vegetation classification according to the following parameters: the scope of the concept of association, the peculiarities of its boundary allocation, the classification criteria for establishing the type of forest conditions and for determining the association, consideration of the succession dynamics and the influence of anthropogenic factors, the level of implementation in forestry, forest management and reporting. An overview of the current state of the approach is given and the results of its comparison to the Russian forest typologies are presented. The advantages of the Braun-Blanquet classification include its versatility, developed methodology, flexibility of classification criteria and a carefully thought-out nomenclature. The development of the Turboveg software package for entering, storing and processing vegetation data has contributed to the increase in the use of this classification. Currently, in addition to vegetation features, it is becoming mandatory to take into account climatic parameters, and when identifying syntaxa and forming cartographic representations of vegetation, modern advances in the field of GIS technologies are used to assess the factors that influence the vegetation structure. The reflection of successional dynamics in syntaxonomic units still remains an urgent task for both the ecological-floristic approach and the domestic forest typologies. Within the framework of the Braun-Blanquet approach, aspects related to the consideration of anthropogenic transformations of plant associations are also being actively studied. This is evidenced by a number of successful examples of assessing forest synanthropization and modeling the response functions of plant communities to environmental factors, including anthropogenic ones. As in forest typologies, multidimensional methods of data analysis (DCA, CCA, PCA with superimposition of vectors on ordination diagrams) are widely used in the development of eclological-floristic classifications for studying the structure of forest vegetation.
Authors
Natalya S. Ivanova1,2, Doctor of Biology; ResearcherID: Q-3292-2017, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-9433
Valery V. Fomin1*, Doctor of Biology, Assoc.Prof.; ResearcherID: J-3404-2017, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9211-5627
Sergey V. Zalesov1, Doctor of Agriculture, Prof.; ResearcherID: Н-2605-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3779-410X
Anna P. Mikhailovich3, Senior Lecturer; ResearcherID: AAN-5903-2020, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8282-9431
Affiliation
1Ural State Forest Engineering University, Sibirskiy Trakt, 37, Yekaterinburg, 620100, Russian Federation; i.n.s@bk.ru, fomval2011@yandex.ru*, zalesovsv@m.usfeu.ru
2Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. 8 Marta, 202a, Yekaterinburg, 620144, Russian Federation; i.n.s@bk.ru
3Ural Federal University, ul. Mira, 19, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation; anna.mikhailovich@gmail.com
Keywordsthe Braun-Blanquet syntaxomy, ecological-floristic approach, forest type classification, current state of forest type classifications, the Russian forest typologies, plant association, succession dynamics, anthropogenic factors
For citation
Ivanova N.S., Fomin V.V., Zalesov S.V., Mikhailovich A.P. Comparative Analysis of the Ecological-Floristic Classification and the Russian Forest Typologies. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2024, no. 4, pp. 49–67. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2024-4-49-67
References
-
Abramova L.M., Martynenko V.B. Ecological Assessment of the Level of Synanthropism in Forests of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Byulluten’ Moskovskogo obschestva ispytatelej prirody. Otdel biologichesikij = Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists. Biological Series, 2006, vol. 111, no. 2, pp. 97–103. (In Russ.).
-
Boch M.S., Smagin V.A. Flora and Vegetation of the Mires of the North-West of Russia and the Principles of Their Protection. St. Petersburg, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1993. 224 p. (In Russ.).
-
Bulokhov A.D., Solomeshсh A.I. Syntaxonomy of Forests of Russian South Nechernosemie. Bryansk, Bryansk State University Publ., 2003. 359 p. (In Russ.).
-
Bulokhov A.D., Kharin A.V. The Vegetation Cover of Bryansk and its Suburban Zone (Syntaxonomy and Monitoring). Ed. by L.M. Akhromeeva. Bryansk, Bryansk State University Publ., 2008. 311 p. (In Russ.).
-
Vorob’ev D.V. Ostapenko B.F. Forest Typology and its Application: in 5 Lectures. Lecture 1. Kharkiv, Kharkiv Agricultural Institute Publ., 1977. 53 p. (In Russ.).
-
Golub V.B., Lysenko T.M., Rukhlenko I.A., Karpov D.N. Intracontinental Halophytic Communities with a Predominance of Hemicryptophytes in the CIS and Mongolia. Byulluten’ Moskovskogo obschestva ispytatelej prirody. Otdel biologichesikij = Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists. Biological Series, 2001, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 69–75. (In Russ.).
-
Ermakov N.B. The Higher Units of Pine Forests of Russia in Connection with the General Concept of Vegetation Classification of Northern Eurasia. Biologiya rastenij i sadovodstvo: teoriya, innovatsii = Plant Biology and Horticulture: Theory, Innovation, 2020, no. 4(157), pp. 94–113. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.36305/2712-7788-2020-4-157-94-113
-
Ermakov N.B., Abdurakhmanova Z.I., Potapenko I.L. To the Problem of Syntaxonomy of Pine Forests (Pinus sylvestris var. hamata) with the Participation of Boreal Floristic Elements in Dagestan (North Caucasus). Turczaninowia, 2019, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 154–171. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.22.4.16
-
Ermakov N.B., Korolyuk A.Yu., Lashchinskiy N.N. Floristic Classification of Mesophilic Herbaceous Forests of Southern Siberia. Novosibirsk, 1991. 96 p. (In Russ.).
-
Zaugunova L.B. Approaches to the Assessment of the Biological Diversity of the Forest Cover. Monitoring of the Biological Diversity of the Forests of Russia: Methodology and Methods. Ed.-in-Chief A.S. Isaev. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2008, pp. 36–58. (In Russ.).
-
Zaugolnova L.В., Braslavskaya T.Yu. The Analysis of Mesophytic Broad-Leaved Forest Associations in the Center of European Russia. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii = Vegetation of Russia, 2003, no. 4, pp. 3–28. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31111/10.31111/vegrus/2003.04.3
-
Zaugolnova L.B., Martynenko V.B. The Guide to Forest Types of European Russia. (In Russ.).
-
Zolotova E.S. Forest Typological Features of Vegetation and Soils of the Zauralskiy Hilly-Foothill Province: Cand. Biol. Sci. Diss. Yekaterinburg, 2013. 209 p. (In Russ.).
-
Ivanova N.S. Forest Typological Features of Biodiversity and Restoration-Age Dynamics of Vegetation in Mountain Forests of the Southern and Middle Urals: Doc. Biol. Sci. Diss. Yekaterinburg, 2019. 304 p. (In Russ.).
-
Ivanova N.S., Zolotova E.S. Adaptation of Forest Ecosystems to the Humidity Factor in the Middle Urals. Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Estestvennye Nauki, 2019, vol. 161, book 2, pp. 293–306. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.26907/2542-064X.2019.2.293-306
-
Ivashkevich B.A. Types of Forests in Primorye and Their Economic Significance. Productive Forces of the Far East. Iss. 3: The Plant World. Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Knizhnoye delo Publ., 1927, pp. 3–20. (In Russ.).
-
Kolesnikov B.P. Genetic Classification of Forest Types and its Tasks in the Urals. Vegetation Classification Issues: Collected Works (Proceedings of the Institute of Biology of the USSR Academy of Sciences). Ed.-in-Chief P.L. Gorchakovskiy. Sverdlovsk, 1961, iss. 27, pp. 47–59. (In Russ.).
-
Kolesnikov B.P. The Genetic Stage in Forest Typology and its Tasks. Lesovedenie = Russian Journal of Forest Science, 1974, no. 2, pp. 3–20. (In Russ.).
-
Kryshen’ A.M. Plant Сommunities of Сuttings: Structure, Dynamics and Classification (by the Example of Karelia): Doc. Biol. Sci. Diss. Abs. Petrozavodsk, 2005. 42 p. (In Russ.).
-
Kuz’menko E.I., Smolonogov E.P. Forest Ecosystems of the Middle and Southern Taiga of the West Siberian Plain (Structure and Spatiotemporal Dynamics). Novosibirsk, SB RAS Publ., 2000. 218 p. (In Russ.).
-
Martynenko V.B., Shirokikh P.S., Mirkin B.M., Naumova L.G. Syntaxonomic Analysis of Restorative Successions after Cutting Down Light Coniferous Forests of South Ural Region. Zhurnal obshchej biologii = Biology Bulletin Reviews, 2014, vol. 75, no. 6, pp. 478–490. (In Russ.).
-
Martynenko V.B., Shirokikh P.S., Mirkin B.M., Naumova L.G., Bayisheva E.Z., Muldashev A.A. A Syntaxonomic Analysis of the Initial Stage Effect on Secondary Autogenous Succession of Broad-Leaved Forest. Zhurnal obshchej biologii = Biology Bulletin Reviews, 2016, vol. 77, no. 4, pp. 303–313. (In Russ.).
-
Matveyeva N.V. Vegetation of the Southern Part of Bolshevik Island (Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago). Rastitel’nost’ Rossii = Vegetation of Russia, 2006, no. 8, pp. 3–87. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2006.08.3
-
Melekhov I.S. Basics of Felling Typology. Basics of Felling Typology and its Significance in Forestry. Arkhangelsk, 1959, pp. 5–34. (In Russ.).
-
Migunova E.S. Forest Typological Classification System as Basis of Uniform Ecological Classification and Environmental Factors. Lesnoy vestnik = Forestry Bulletin, 2013, no. 6, pp. 173–182. (In Russ.).
-
Migunova E.S. Forest Typology by G.F. Morozov – A.A. Kryudener – P.S. Pogrebnyak is Theoretical Basis of Forestry. Forestry Bulletin, 2017, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 52–63. (In Russ.).
-
Mirkin B.M., Naumova L.G. Phytodiversity: Formation Factors, Syntaxonomy, Protection System. Aspects of Biodiversity. Part 2 (Coll. of works of the MSU Zoological Museum). Comp. by I.Ya. Pavlinov. Moscow, KMK Publ. House, 2016, vol. 54, pp. 456–477. (In Russ.).
-
Mirkin B.M., Naumova L.G. Dynamics of Activity of Syntaxonomic Centres of Russia and Processes of Their Integration. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii = Vegetation of Russia, 2017, no. 31, pp. 119–124. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2017.31.119
-
Морозов Г.Ф. Учение о лесе. Л.; М.: Гос. изд-во, 1925. 367 с. Morozov G.F. The Doctrine of Forest Types. Leningrad, Moscow, State Publ. House, 1925. 367 p. (In Russ.).
-
Morozov G.F. The Doctrine of the Types of Plantings. Moscow, Leningrad, State Publ. House of Agric. and Coll. Farm-Coop. Literature, 1931. 421 p.
-
Morozova O.V., Zaugolnova L.B., Isaeva L.G., Kostina V.A. Classification of Boreal Forests in the North of European Russia. I. Oligotrophic Coniferous Forests. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii = Vegetation of Russia, 2008, no. 13, pp. 61–81. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2008.13.61
-
Plugatar Yu.V., Ermakov N.B., Krestov P.V., Matveyeva N.V., Martynenko V.B., Golub V.B., Neshataeva V.Yu., Neshataev V.Yu., Anenkhonov O.A., Lavrinenko I.A., Lavrinenko O.V., Chepinoga V.V., Sinelnikova N.V., Morozova O.V., Belonovskaya E.A., Tishkov A.A., Chernenkova T.V., Krivobokov L.V., Telyatnikov M.Yu., Lapshina E.D, Onipchenko V.G., Koroleva N.E., Cherosov M.M., Semenishchenkov Yu.A., Abramova L.M., Lysenko T.M., Polyakova M.A. The Concept of Vegetation Classification of Russia as an Image of Contemporary Tasks of Phytocenology. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii = Vegetation of Russia, 2020, no. 38, pp. 3–12. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2020.38.3
-
Pogrebnyak P.S. The Basics of Forest Typology. Kiev, Urkranian SSR Academy of Sciences Publ., 1955. 456 p. (In Russ.).
-
Ramenskiy L.G., Tsatsenkin I.A., Chizhikov O.N., Antipin N.A. Ecological Assessment of Forage Lands by Vegetation Cover. Moscow, Selkhozgiz Publ., 1956. 472 p. (In Russ.).
-
Sannikov S.N. Ecologic and Genetic Classification of Forest Types Based on Ecologic and Genetic Series of Development of Biogeocenoses. Sibirskiy lesnoy zhurnal = Siberian Journal of Forest Science, 2019, no. 1, pp. 3–15. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15372/SJFS20190101
-
Smirnova O.V., Zaugolnova L.B., Khanina L.G., Bobrovskiy M.V., Toropova N.A. Population and Phytocenotic Methods for Analysis of Biodiversity of Vegetation Cover. Conservation and Restoration of Biodiversity. Moscow, Scientific and educational-methodological centre Publ., 2002, pp. 145–194. (In Russ.).
-
Smolonogov E.P. Ecological and Geographical Differentiation and Dynamics of Pine Forests in the Urals and the West Siberian Plain (Ecological and Forestry Foundations for Economic Optimization). Sverdlovsk, Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., 1990. 288 p. (In Russ.).
-
Smolonogov E.P. Main Principles of the Genetic Approach to the Typological Classification of Forests. Ekologiya = Russian Journal of Ecology, 1998, no. 4, pp. 256–261. (In Russ.).
-
Sukachev V.N. Selected Works: in 3 vol. Vol. 1. Fundamentals of Forest Typology and Forest Biogeocenology. Leningrad, Nauka Publ. (Leningrad Department), 1972. 417 p. (In Russ.).
-
Ulanova N.G. Restorative Dynamics of Vegetation in Clear-Cuts and Massive Windfalls in the Spruce Forests of the Southern Taiga (by the example of the European Part of Russia): Doc. Biol. Sci. Diss. Abs. Moscow, 2006. 46 p. (In Russ.).
-
Ulanova N.G. Synthesis of the Classification of Vegetation of Cleared Areas in the Spruce Forests of the Southern Taiga from the Perspectives of I.S. Melekhov, V.N. Sukachev, B.P. Kolesnikov and Zh. Brown-Blanke. Genetic Typology, Dynamics and Geography of Russian Forests: Materials of the All-Russian Scientific Conference (with International Participation) Dedicated to the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of B.P. Kolesnikov. Yekaterinburg, Ural Branch of the RAS, 2009, pp. 72–75. (In Russ.).
-
Fil’roze E.M. The Scheme of Genetic Classification of Taiga Forest Types of the Eastern Macroslope of the Southern Urals and Northern Forest-Steppe of the East Ural Peneplain. Types and Dynamics of Forests in the Urals and Trans-Urals (Proceedings of the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, iss. 53). Sverdlovsk, Ural Science Centre of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1967, pp. 119–155. (In Russ.).
-
Fil’roze E.M. The Scheme of Genetic Classification of Forest Types of the Southern Urals. Ecological-Geographical and Genetic Principles of Forest Research. Sverdlovsk, Ural Science Centre of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1983, pp. 53–60. (In Russ.).
-
Kholod S.S. Classification of Wrangel Island Vegetation. Rastitel’nost’ Rossii = Vegetation of Russia, 2007, no. 11, pp. 3–135. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2007.11.3
-
Shirokikh P.S., Martynenko V.B., Baisheva E.Z., Bikbaev I.G. Vegetation Dynamics on Felling in the South Ural Region: Main Results of Studies of the Ufa Geobotanical School. Fitoraznoobrazie Vostochnoy Evropy = Phytodiversity of Eastern Europe, 2018, vol. XII, no. 3, pp. 17–30. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24411/2072-8816-2018-10023
-
Allegrezza M., Montecchiari S., Ottaviani C., Pelliccia V., Tesei G. Syntaxonomy of the Robiniapseudoacacia Сommunities in the Central Peri-Adriatic Sector of the Italian Peninsula. Plant Biosystems – An International Journal Dealing with All Aspects of Plant Biology, 2019, vol. 153, no. 4, pp. 616–623. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2019.1610108
-
Anand M., Kadmon R. Community-Level Analysis of Spatiotemporal Plant Dynamics. Écoscience, 2000, vol. 7, pp. 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2000.11682578
-
Andreucci F., Biondi E., Feoli E., Zuccarello V. Modeling Environmental Responses of Plant Associations by Fuzzy Set Theory. Community Ecology, 2000, vol. 1, iss. 1, pp. 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1556/ComEc.1.2000.1.10
-
Bailey R.G. Identifying Ecoregion Boundaries. Environmental Management, 2004, vol. 34, pp. 14–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0163-6
-
Biondi E., Feoli E., Zuccarello V. Modelling Environmental Responses of Plant Associations: A Review of Some Critical Concepts in Vegetation Study. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2004, vol. 23, iss. 2, pp. 149–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352680490433277
-
Biondi E. Phytosociology Today: Methodological and Conceptual Evolution. Plant Biosystems – An International Journal Dealing with All Aspects of Plant Biology, 2011, vol. 145, suppl. 1, pp. 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2011.602748
-
Blasi C., Frondoni R. Modern Perspectives for Plant Sociology: The Case of Ecological Land Classification and the Ecoregions of Italy. Plant Biosystems – An International Journal Dealing with All Aspects of Plant Biology, 2011, vol. 145, suppl. 1, pp. 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2011.602747
-
Braun-Blanquet J. Pflanzensociologie. Springer Vienna, 1964. 866 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8110-2
-
Capelo J. Evidence of a Unique Association Between Single Forest VegetationTypes and Seral Sequences: Praise for the Concept of ‘Vegetation Series’. Geographical Changes in Vegetation and Plant Functional Types. Geobotany Studies. Ed. by A. Geller, K. Fujiwara, F. Pedrotti. Springer, Cham, 2018, pp. 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68738-4_1
-
Capotorti G., Guida D., Siervo V., Smiraglia D., Blasi C. Ecological Classification of Land and Conservation of Biodiversity at the National Level: the Case of Italy. Biological Conservation, 2012, vol. 147, iss. 1, pp. 174–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.12.028
-
Code of Phytosociological Nomencalture. Vegetatio, 1986, vol. 67, pp. 145–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00044842
-
Dengler J., Jansen F., Glöckler F., Peet R.K., Cáceres De M., Chytrý M., Ewald J., Oldeland J., Lopez-Gonzalez G., Finckh M., Mucina L., Rodwell J.S., Schaminée J.H.J., Spencer N. The Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD): A New Resource for Vegetation Science. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2011, vol. 22, iss. 4, pp. 582–597. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01265.x
-
Ermakov N., Morozova O. Syntaxonomical Survey of Boreal Oligotrophic Pine Forests in Northern Europe and Western Siberia. Applied Vegetation Science, 2011, vol. 14, pp. 524–536. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-109X.2011.01155.x
-
Ermakov N., Cherosov M., Gogoleva P. Classification of Ultracontinental Boreal Forests in Central Yakutia. Folia Geobotanica, 2002, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 419–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803256
-
Fomin V.V., Zalesov S.V., Popov A.S., Mikhailovich A.P. Historical Avenues of Research in Russian Forest Typology: Ecological, Phytocoenotic, Genetic, and Dynamic Classifications. Canandian Journal of Forest Research, 2017, vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 849–860. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2017-0011
-
Fomin V., Ivanova N., Mikhailovich A. Genetic Forest Typology as a Scientific and Methodological Basis for Environmental Studies and Forest Management. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020, vol. 609, art. no. 012044. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/609/1/012044
-
Fomin V., Mikhailovich A., Zalesov S., Popov A., Terekhov G. Development of Ideas within the Framework of the Genetic Approach to the Classification of Forest Types. Baltic Forestry, 2021, vol. 27, no. 1, art. no. 466. https://doi.org/10.46490/BF466
-
Golub V.B., Mirkin B.M. Grasslands of the Lower Volga Valley. Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica, 1986, vol. 21, pp. 337–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853244
-
Ibáñez J.J., Pérez-Gómez R., Ganis P., Feoli E. The Use of Vegetation Series to Assess α and β Vegetation Diversity and Their Relationships with Geodiversity in the Province of Almeria (Spain) with Watersheds as Operational Geographic Units. Plant Biosystems – An International Journal Dealing with All Aspects of Plant Biology, 2016, vol. 150, iss. 6, pp. 1395–1407. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2016.1165755
-
Ingegnoli V. Landscape Ecology: A Widening Foundation. Heidelberg, Springer Berlin, 2002. 357 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04691-3
-
Ivanova N.S., Zolotova E.S. Development of Forest Typology in Russia. International Journal of Bio–Resource and Stress Management, 2014, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 298–303. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4038.2014.00572.7
-
Ivanova N., Petrova I. Species Abundance Distributions: Investigation of Adaptation Mechanisms of Plant Communities. E3S Web of Conferences, 2021, vol. 254, art. no. 02003. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125402003
-
Ivanova N.S., Zolotova E.S., Li G. Influence of Soil Moisture Regime on the Species Diversity and Biomass of the Herb Layer of Pine Forests in the Ural Mountains. Ecological Questions, 2021, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 27–38. https://doi.org/10.12775/EQ.2021.011
-
Jalilian A.M., Shayesteh K., Danehkar A., Salmanmahiny A. A New EcosystemBased Land Classification of Iran for Conservation Goals. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2020, vol. 192, art. no. 182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-8145-1
-
Krivobokov L., Zverev A., Mukhortova L., Sergeeva O., Rosbakh S. Typological Diversity and Ecological Features of the Middle Taiga Forests of Central Siberia. BIO Web of Conferences, 2020, vol. 24, art. no. 00044. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202400044
-
Kusbach A., Friedl M., Zouhar V., Mikita T., Šebesta J. Assessing Forest Classification in a Landscape-Level Framework: An Example from Central European Forests. Forests, 2017, vol. 8, no. 12, art. no. 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/f8120461
-
MacKenzie W.H., Mahony C.R. An Ecological Approach to Climate Change-Informed Tree Species Selection for Reforestation. Forest Ecology and Management, 2021, vol. 481, art. no. 118705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118705
-
MacKinnon A., Meidinger D., Klinka K. Use of the Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification System in British Columbia. The Forestry Chronicle, 1992, vol. 68, pp. 100–120. https://doi.org/10.5558/tfc68100-1
-
Maiti R., González Rodríguez H., Ivanova N.S. Autoecology and Ecophysiology of Woody Shrubs and Trees: Concepts and Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. 355 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119104452
-
Miyawaki A. Phytosociology in Japan. The Past, Present and Future from the Footsteps of One Phytosociologist. Braun-Blanquetia, 2010, vol. 46, pp. 55–58.
-
Mirkin B.M., Naumova L.G., Martynenko V.B., Shirokikh P.S. Contribution of the Braun-Blanquet Syntaxonomy to Research on Successions of Plant Communities. Russian Journal of Ecology, 2015, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 303–308. https://doi.org/10.1134/S106741361504013X
-
Mucina L. Classification of Vegetation: Past, Present and Future. Journal of Vegetation Science, 1997, vol. 8, iss. 6, pp. 751–760. https://doi.org/10.2307/3237019
-
Mucina L., Bültmann H., Dierßen K., Theurillat J.-P., Raus T., Čarni A., Šumberová K., Willner W., Dengler J., Gavilán García R., Chytrý M., Hájek M., Pietro Di R., Iakushenko D., Pallas J., Daniëls F.J.A., Bergmeier E., Guerra A.S., Ermakov N., Valachovič M., Schaminée J.H.J., Lysenko T., Didukh Y.P., Pignatti S., Rodwell J.S., Capelo J., Weber H.E., Solomeshch A., Dimopoulos P., Aguiar C., Hennekens S.M., Tichý L. Vegetation of Europe: Hierarchical Floristic Classification System of Vascular Plant, Bryophyte, Li chen, and Algal Communities. Applied Vegetation Science, 2016, vol. 19, iss. 1, pp. 3–264. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12257
-
Pojar J., Klinka K., Meidinger D.V. Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification in British Columbia. Forest Ecology and Management, 1987, vol. 22, iss. 1–2, pp. 119–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(87)90100-9
-
Reczyńska K., Pech P., Świerkosz K. Phytosociological Analysis of Natural and Artificial Pine Forests of the Class Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 in the Sudetes and Their Foreland (Bohemian Massif, Central Europe). Forests, 2021, vol. 12, no. 1, art. no. 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12010098
-
Russo G., Pedrotti F., Gafta D. Typology and Synecology of Aspen Woodlands in the Central-Southern Apennines (Italy): New Findings and Synthesis. iForest – Biogeosciences and Forestry, 2020, vol. 13, iss. 3, pp. 202–208. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor3315-013
-
Sánchez-Mata D. The Phytosociological Approach in North American Studies: Some Considerations on Phytosociological Nomenclature. Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica, 1997, vol. 32, pp. 415–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02821949
-
Schaminée J.H.J., Janssen J.A.M., Hennekens S.M., Ozinga W.A. Large Vegetation Databases and Information Systems: New Instruments for Ecological Research, Nature Conservation, and Policy Making. Plant Biosystems, 2011, vol. 145, suppl. 1, pp. 85–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2011.602744
-
Shirokikh P.S., Martynenko V.B., Kunafin A.M. Experience in Syntaxonomic and Ordination Analysis of Progressive Succession in Cutover Areas of Boreal Light Conifer Forests in the Southern Urals. Russian Journal of Ecology, 2013, vol. 44, pp. 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413613030120
-
Tardella F., Vitanzi A., Sparvoli D., Catorci A. Syntaxonomy and Site Ecology of a Central Italy Forest Landscape. Hacquetia, 2011, vol. 10, iss. 1, pp. 5–40. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10028-011-0001-y
-
Theurillat J.-P., Willner W., Fernández‐González F., Bültmann H., Čarni A., Gigante D., Mucina L., Weber H. International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. 4th Edition. Applied Vegetation Science, 2021, vol. 24, iss. 1, art. no. e12491. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12491
-
Weber H.E., Moravec J., Theurillat J.-P. International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. 3rd Edition. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2000, vol. 11, iss. 5, pp. 739–768. https://doi.org/10.2307/3236580
-
Westhoff V.E., Maarel Der Van Е. The Braun–Blanquet Approach. Classification of Plant Communities. Ed. by R.H. Whittaker. Dordrecht, Springer, 1978, vol. 5-1, pp. 287–399. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9183-5_9
-
Whittaker R.H. Communities and Ecosystems. 2nd ed. New York, Macmillan Publisching Co., 1975. 385 p.
|
Make a Submission
Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal) was awarded the "Seal of Recognition for Active Data Provider of the Year 2024"
|