Improving the Efficiency of Energy Use of Biofuels. P. 172–185

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 1.1MB )

UDС

662.6/9

DOI:

10.37482/0536-1036-2023-1-172-185

Abstract

The share of thermal power plants that consume renewable energy resources is growing worldwide. Wood and bio-coal pellets become more and more common as fuels. The technological cycle of pulp and paper production produces a large amount of wood waste, which must be used efficiently. However, bark-wood waste is hard-burning fuel, which causes the need to “light” the flare with high-calorie non-renewable fuel, is followed by the formation of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere. Boilers KM-75-40, taken out of production in 1985, are still used at Russian enterprises for the use of bark-wood fuel as an energy source. Energy examination of the boiler KM-75-40 during its operation with bark-wood fuel (coniferous and deciduous wood bark, substandard chips and sawdust) showed that the design and technical condition of the boiler does not provide the required combustion rate of fuel components and environmental parameters that meet the requirements of the state standard, GOST. The present work aims at analyzing the possibilities of comprehensive improvement of efficiency of bark-wood fuel combustion in boilers KM-75-40. Highriority measures to improve the efficiency of these boilers were developed based on the research results. Boilers KM-75-40 have been in operation for more than 50 years and require replacement with modern low-emission heat generating systems. Prior to replacement, however, upgrading the boilers is recommended: their transition to the layer-vortex combustion technology and the use of biocoal pellets, as an additive to the bark-wood fuel, in order to adjust the thermal characteristics of the combusted biofuel and steam capacity of the boilers. Bio-coal pellets produced from hydrolysis lignin, which has undergone soft pyrolysis, are promising for this purpose. Thermal and aerodynamic calculations of the boiler KM-75-40 with different proportion of pellets by heat release, as well as thermogravimetric studies were carried out to assess the effectiveness of co-combustion of bark-wood fuel and bio-coal pellets. The thermal calculation included: the circulation rate of fuel particles in the vortex zone, the granulometric composition of the combusted fuel mixture, the location features of combustion equipment, reducing the contamination of the heating surface. The transition to the combustion of this fuel mixture using the layer-vortex technology will allow to refuse from using non-renewable fuels in the boiler KM-75-40 when combusting high-moisture bark-wood fuel, will significantly increase the boiler efficiency and reduce the negative impact on the environment.

Authors

Victor K. Lyubov*, Doctor of Engineering, Prof.; ResearcherID: AAF-8949-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7050-1212
Ilya I. Tsypnyatov, Junior Research Scientist; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-7934

Affiliation

Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation; vk.lubov@mail.ru*, ilya.tsypniatov@list.ru

Keywords

boiler, wood fuel, bio-coal pellets, hydrolysis lignin, harmful substances, heat losses, efficiency, layer-vortex combustion

For citation

Lyubov V.K., Tsypnyatov I.I. Improving the Efficiency of Energy Use of Biofuels. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 1, pp. 172–185. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-1-172-185

References

1. Bashmakov I., Myshak A. Costs and Benefits of the Transition to Low-Carbon Economy in Russia: Perspectives up to 2050. Voprosy Ekonomiki, 2014, no. 8, pp. 70–91. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2014-8-70-91

2. Golovkov S.I., Koperin I.F., Naydenov V.I. Energy Use of Wood Waste. Moscow, Lesnaya promyshlennost’ Publ., 1987. 221 p. (In Russ.).

3. Zhuchkov P.A. Thermal Processes in Pulp and Paper Production. Moscow, Lesnaya promyshlennost’ Publ., 1978. 407 p. (In Russ.).

4. Kokorin A.O. New Factors and Stages of the Global and Russian Climate Policy. Economic Policy, 2016, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 157–176. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18288/1994-5124-2016-1-10

5. Lyubov V.K., Vladimirov A.M. Complex Efficiency of Using Wood Pellets in Power Plants. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2021, no. 1, pp. 159–172. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2021-1-159-172

6. Lyubov V.K., Lyubova S.V. Efficiency Improvement of the Biofuels Energy Use. Arkhangelsk, NArFU Publ., 2017. 533 p. (In Russ.).

7. Makarov I.A., Chen H., Paltsev S.V. Impacts of Paris Agreement on Russian Economy. Voprosy Ekonomiki, 2018, no. 4, pp. 76–94. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2018-4-76-94

8. Measurement Procedure of the Mass Concentration of Soot in Industrial Emissions and in the Air of the Working Area: Approved by OAO Scientific Research Institute “Tekhuglerod”. Yaroslavl, 2005. 10 p. (In Russ.).

9. Mokhirev A.P., Bezrukikh J.A., Medvedev S.O. Recycling of Wood Wastes of Timber Industry, as a Factor of Sustainable Resource Management. Engineering Journal of Don, 2015, no. 2, part 2, art. 81. (In Russ.).

10. Liubov V.K. Combined Bark-Wood Firing Device. Patent RF, no. RU 2 756 712 C1, 2021. (In Russ.).

11. Safonov G.V., Stetsenko A.V., Dorina A.L., Avaliani S.L., Safonova Yu.L., Besedovskaya D.S. The Strategy of Low-Carbon Development of Russia. Opportunities and Benefits of Substitution of Fossil Fuels with Green Energy Sources. Moscow, TEIS Publ., 2016. 48 p. (In Russ.). http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2954.5200

12. Collected Procedures for Determining the Concentrations of Pollutants in Industrial Emissions. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat Publ., 1987. 272 p. (In Russ.).

13. Thermal Calculation of Boilers (Standard Method). Saint Petersburg, 1998. 257 p. (In Russ.).

14. Trembovlya V.I., Finger E.D., Avdeeva A.A. Heating Tests of Boilers. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1991. 414 p. (In Russ.).

15. Finker F.Z., Dul’neva L.T., Kubyshkin I.B., Mitryukhin A.G., Drobyshevskiy M.A. Results of Modernization of the Boiler PK-38 of the Nazarovo Power Station Using the Technology of Secondary Use of Roofing Felt “Politekhenergo”. Issues of Saving the Fuel and Energy Resources at the Industrial Enterprises and Thermal Power Stations: Collection of Academic Papers. Saint Petersburg, SPb STUPP Publ., 2005, pp. 141–146. (In Russ.).

16. Finker F.Z., Kubyshkin I.B., Mitryukhin A.G., Shlegel’ A.E., Sidorov N.V., Tsarev S.A. Chamber Combustion of Crushed Nazarovo Coals in a PK-38 Boiler According to the “Politekhenergo” Scheme. Novoye v rossiyskoy elektroenergetike, 2005, no. 5, pp. 34–41. (In Russ.).

17. Arshadi M., Gref R., Geladi P., Dahlqvist S.-A., Lestander T. The Influence of Raw Material Characteristics on the Industrial Pelletizing Process and Pellet Quality. Fuel Processing Technology, 2008, vol. 89, iss. 12, pp. 1442–1447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2008.07.001

18. Bergman P. Torrefaction for Biomass Co-Firing in Existing Coal-Fired Power Stations BIOCOAL. ECN Report No. ECNC-05-013. Netherlands, 2005. 75 p.

19. Flach B., Bendz K., Krautgartner R., Lieberz S. EU-27. Biofuels Annual. GAIN Report No. NL3034. The Hague, USDA, 2013. 34 p.

20. Gera D., Mathur M.P., Freeman M.C., Robinson A. Effect of Large Aspect Ratio of Biomass Particles on Carbon Burnout in a Utility Boiler. Energy & Fuels, 2002, vol. 16, iss. 6, pp. 1523–1532. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef0200931

21. Kruggel-Emden H., Wirtz S., Scherer V. An Experimental Investigation of Mixing of Wood Pellets on a Forward Acting Grate in Discontinuous Operation. Powder Technology, 2013, vol. 233, pp. 261–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2012.08.029

22. Lyubov V.K., Popov A.N., Maryandyshev P.A. Research of Efficient Burning of Bark and Wood Fuel. International Science and Technology Conference “EastConf”. Vladivistok, 2019, pp. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/EastConf.2019.8725391

23. Magdziarz A., Wilk M., Straka R. Combustion Process of Torrefied Wood Biomass. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2017, vol. 127, pp. 1339–1349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5731-0

24. Maryandyshev P.А, Chernov A.А., Popova E.I., Lyubov V.K. Thermal Decomposition and Combustion of Coals, Fuel Wood, and Hydrolytic Lignin, as Studied by Thermal Analysis. Solid Fuel Chemistry, 2016, vol. 50, iss. 3, pp. 167–176. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0361521916030095

25. Poletto M., Zattera A.J., Forte M.M.C., Santana R.M.C. Thermal Decomposition of Wood: Influence of Wood Components and Cellulose Crystallite Size. Bioresource Technology, 2012, vol. 109, pp. 148–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.122

26. Porfiriev B.N., Roginko S.A. Energy on Renewable Sources: Prospects for the World and for Russia. Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2016, vol. 86, iss. 6, pp. 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1134/S101933161606006X