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A.A. Kalachev, S.V. Zalesov Complete text of the article:Download article (pdf, 1.2MB )UDС674.032.475.2+630*43DOI:10.17238/issn0536-1036.2016.2.19AbstractThe vast territory in the south-western periphery of the Altai-Sayan mountain country is identified as a special physical-geographical region – Rudny Altai. High rainfall and a con-siderable amount of heat provide the development of the peculiar forest formation in the region known as black taiga, where the Siberian fir is the main forest forming species. Pyro-genic factor along with timber harvesting is very important in the formation of the composi-tion and structure of the forest area of Rydny Altai. Study objective was to determine the age stages of fir natural regeneration on the burnt areas. The main tasks were to analyze the dynamics of post-fire recovery of the fir stands and the study of natural regeneration pro-cesses on the burnt areas. When collecting primary data for the study of forest dynamics we adhered to the generally accepted methodological approach. Forest dynamics analysis was carried out within the same boundaries. Taxation parameters of allotments and their catego-rization for a few forest inventory periods were discharged for the selected land plots. A.V. Pobedinskiy discount areas method was used to study the natural regeneration. As a result of the study the natural regeneration processes of Siberian fir were revealed, fir undergrowth quantitative parameters at different stages were established and reforestation success was evaluated. Poor natural regeneration in the first two stages of the forest forming process was noted. Fir undergrowth was met extremely rare and only in close proximity to the forest edge or surviving separated fir groups. It was found that the recovery and formation of the vegetation for the first post-fire 150 years in grass ferny fir forest conditions pass through three consequent recovery and age-related stages. The first stage is the recent burnt areas, which are characterized by complete loss of all the components of biocenoses. Secondary insects start to attack the parent forest stand debris as well as windfall. The grass and shrub associations and deciduous saplings formation characterize the second stage. Birch, moun-tain ash, willow natural seeding is been accumulated. They start to grow at burnt areas along with burr-type specimens forming the separated forest stands. The third stage is described by the derivatives of birch or aspen forests with fir undergrowth in the second tree layer. It is a period of derivative birch or aspen forest domination of the first or even the second gen-eration with fir undergrowth in the second tree layer. Middle-aged fir forests can be formed on the northern slopes, dishes and microdepressions by 150 years. The recovery process of burnt areas begins with broadleaved species groups’ formation and is accompanied by their further spatial dispersal. Hardwood increase induces the accumulation of dark coniferous undergrowth. The long period of forest formation (more than 150…200 years) as well as periodicity in fruitification and complexity in the accumulation of undergrowth cause uneven-aged pyrogenic fir forests. Natural regeneration in the first two stages is assessed as unsatisfactory.AuthorsA.A. Kalachev1, Candidate of Agriculture S.V. Zalesov2, Doctor of Agriculture, ProfessorAffiliation1Altai Branch of Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry, Ostrov-sky str., 13A, Ridder, East Kazakhstan Region, 071302, Republic of Kazakhstan; е-mail: kalachev_75_los@mail.ru2Ural State Forest Engineering University, Sibirsky Trakt, 37, Yekaterinburg, 620100, Rus-sian Federation; е-mail: Zalesov@usfeu.ru KeywordsRudny Altai, fir forest, forest forming process, recovery and age-related stages.References1. Buzykin A.I. Al'ternativnost' pirogennogo vozdeystviya i posledstviya na drevesnye tsenozy [Alternativity of Pyrogenic Impact and the Effects on Wood Facies]. Pozhary v lesnykh ekosistemakh Sibiri [Fires in Forest Ecosystems of Siberia]. Krasnoyarsk, 2008, pp. 100–102. 2. Buryak L.V., Luzganov A.G., Matveev P.M., Kalenskaya O.P. Vliyanie nizovykh pozharov na formirovanie svetlokhvoynykh nasazhdeniy yuga Sredney Sibiri [The Surface Fires Impact on the Formation of the Light Coniferous Forests of the South of the Central Siberia]. Krasnoyarsk, 2003. 206 p. 3. Glazyrin V.M. Izuchenie lesoobrazovatel'nogo protsessa v temnokhvoynykh lesakh Rudnogo Alta: otchet o NIR [The Study of the Forest Forming Process in the Dark Coniferous Forests of Rudny Altai: Report of Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry]. Alma-Ata, 1981. 124 p. 4. Kalachev A.A., Izergina M.O. Poslepozharnaya dinamika temno-khvoynykh lesov Kazakhstanskogo Altaya [Post-Fire Dynamics of the Dark Coniferous Forests of Kazakhstan Altay]. Issledovaniya i rezul'taty [Research, Results], 2013, no. 2, pp. 98–104. 5. Morozov G.F. Uchenie o lese [The Doctrine of the Forest]. Мoscow; Leningrad, 1930. 412 p. 6. Osnovnye polozheniya organizatsii i vedeniya lesnogo khozyaystva Vostochno-Kazakhstanskoy oblasti (gornyy region) [The Main Provisions of Organization and Forest Management of the East Kazakhstan Region (Mountain Region)]. Almaty, 2009. 363 p. 7. Pobedinskiy A.V. Izuchenie lesovosstanovitel'nykh protsessov [The Study of the Forest Regeneration Processes]. Мoscow, 1966. 64 p. 8. Sannikov S.N. Estestvennoe vozobnovlenie sosny na sploshnykh vyrubkakh i garyakh i puti ego uluchsheniya [Natural Regeneration of Pine Tree in Clean Fellings and Burnt Areas and Improvement Methods]. Priroda i lesnoe khozyaystvo Pripyshminskikh borov [Nature and Forestry of Pripyshmin Coniferous Forests]. Yekaterinburg, 1997, pp. 23–26. 9. Sheyngauz A. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po analizu dinamiki lesnogo fonda [Recommended Practice for the Dynamics Analysis of a Forest Fund]. Khabarovsk, 1986. 41 p Received on March 25, 2015 Post-Fire Recovery Peculiarities of Siberian Fir-Tree Stands Under Conditions of Rudny Altai |
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