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I.N. Kul'banskaya Complete text of the article:Download article (pdf, 0.6MB )UDС630*17:582.931.4:632.35DOI:10.17238/issn0536-1036.2015.6.75AbstractThe paper summarizes the results of a study of symptoms, prevalence and harmfulness of the most common and dangerous European ash disease – tuberculosis. Pathogen is a patho-genic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi (Smith 1908), that affects trunks, branches, browses and ash inflorescences. The stages of disease pathogenesis, provided by a brief description of the pathogen are dedicated. It is established that bacteria can infect the trees starting from one–two years of age. Thus, instead of a smooth greenish-gray crust there are formed small ellipsoid soft tumors due to the local bark exfoliation and filling of voids by gray sticky bacterial odorless mass. In time, the affected trunk parts become more flat and cracked, cambium and phloem in the middle part die and deteriorate. A crack is formed in the center of tuberculous formation, which eventually occludes. Every year new for-mation of tuberculous affects cover the length and perimeter of a trunk. As a result, the spe-cific perennial affects are formed, resembling scab. The young ash coppice is of a high sus-ceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, especially a coppice shoot, which is often affect-ed (in varying degrees of illness) to 80…100 % of plants. The harmful entomofaunal forms, which are presented by Ligniodes enucleator Panz., Dasineura fraxini Kieff., Prociphilus nidificus Loew., Fonscolombea fraxini Kalt., Psyllopsis fraxini L., Tortrix convayana F., Pseudargyrotoza conwayana and others are found on genesic organs of ash. It is concluded, that tuberculosis of ash leads not only to lower technical wood quality, but also to a signifi-cant failure of physiological and biochemical processes, that ultimately leads to ecological backlash (desintegration of the integrity of forest plantations biogeocoenosis) and economic (wood defectiveness) impactAuthorsI.N. Kul'banskaya, ApplicantAffiliationNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroyiv Oborony st., 15, Kiev, 03041, Ukraine; е-mail: i_kulbanska@ukr.netKeywordseuropean ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), Pathogenesis, tuberculosis, symptomatolo-gy, injuriousness, extension of plants disease, genesic and vegetative organs.References1. Goychuk A.F., Kul'bans'kaya I.M. Patologіya yasena zvichaynogo v nasadzhennyakh Zakhіdnogo Podіllya [Pathology of European Ash in Forests of West Podolia]. Lіsove і sadovo-parkove gospodarstvo [Forestry and Horticulture]. Available at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/ j-pdf/licgoc_2013_3_3 .pdf. 2. Gordienko M.I., Gordienko N.M. Lesovodcheskie svoystva drevesnykh rasteniy [Silvicultural Properties of Woody Plants]. Moscow, 2005. 817 p. 3. Bel'tyukova K.I., Matyshevskaya M.S., Kulikovskaya M.D., Sidorenko S.S. Metody issledovaniya vozbuditeley bakterial'nykh bolezney rasteniy [Research Methods of Causative Agents of Bacterial Diseases of Plants]. Kiev, 1968. 316 p. 4. Goychuk A.F., Gordienko M.I., Gordienko N.M. et al. Patologіya dіbrov: monografiya [Pathology of Oak: Monograph]. Kiev: ННЦ ІАЕ, 2004. 470 p. 5. Shemyakin I.Ya. Bakterial'nyy rak yasenya obyknovennogo [Bacterial Сanker of European Ash]. Nauchnye trudy Voronezhskogo lesokhozyaystvennogo instituta [Scholary Works of Voronezh Forestry Institute], 1948, pp. 112–114. 6. Cherpakov V.V. Bakterial'nye bolezni lesnykh porod v patologii lesa [Bacterial Diseases of Forest Trees in the Forest Pathology]. Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskoy leso-tekhnicheskoy akademii, 2012, iss. 200, pp. 292–303. 7. Davydenko K., Vasaitis R., Stenlid J., Menkis A. Fungi in Foliage and Shoots of Fraxinus excelsior in Eastern Ukraine: a First Report on Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus. For. Path., 2013, vol.43, pp. 462–467. 8. Hibben C.R., Walker J.T. 1971. Nematode Transmission of the Ash Strain of To-baccoringspot Virus: Plant Dis. Pis. Reptr. 55, pp. 475–478. 9. Kowalski T., Holdenrieder O. Chalara Fraxinea Causes Dieback of Ash (Fraxi-nus excelsior) in Europe Report. For. Pathol., 2009, no. 39, pp. 1–7. 10. Thomsen I.M., Skovsgaard J.P., Barklund P., Vasaitis R. Fungal Disease is the Cause of Ash Dieback. Skoven., 2007, vol. 39, pp. 234–236. Received on May 19, 2015European Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis in Terms of Western Podolia of Ukraine |
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