Melliferous Capacity of Plant Formations in Forest Area Landsof the Steppe Don Region

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UDС

630*453:595.799

DOI:

10.17238/issn0536-1036.2017.4.69

Abstract

The widespread use of the potential of vegetative communities of forest areas can require studying and assessment of melliferous resources for beekeeping. The research objectives included the melliferous capacity determination of plant formations in the forest area lands of the steppe Don Region. Studying the bee harvesting conditions in forestry is necessary for beekeeping planning, development of an apiary activity plan for a season, the choice of the method of beekeeping and methods of bees caring, the full use of honey resources; and to outline the ways to improve the honeybase. When assessing honey resources, we established areas occupied by honey plants, carried out the inventory of melliferous trees and shrubs in the sampling areas by the route method. The potential melliferous capacity is calculated per unit area. Melliferous lands and natural and climatic conditions in the forest area of the steppe Don Region are characterized by great variability. The results of the research establish that the Rostov Region with a forest cover of 2.5 % has a huge forest bioresource potential for honey harvest. Woody and shrubby melliferous vegetation (Norway, Tatarian, common maple), linden, black locust, pear, wild cherry, apple, apricot, willow, European cornel, blackthorn, white thorn, Tartarian honeysuckle, Tatar honeysuckle, yellowacacia, amorpha, European dogwood, Persian berry, silverberry, snowberry, frutescent cherry) grow mainly in forest plantations, as well as in ravine and floodplain forests. Oak ravine forests are characterized by maximal melliferous capacity on the light shores (426.4 kg/ha). At the same time, melliferous capacity per unit area increases with the increase of the share of common and Tatarian maple, little-leaved linden and elm. The first place by this indicator is occupied by maple forests of the oak ravine forests (369.1 kg/ha). In the floodplain formations, willow groves of coastal lowlands (156.6 kg/ha) have the highest productivity. Pure stands of common maple are most productive in a dry sedge oak-grove (1050.9 kg/ha). Oak-maple plantations with common maple (487.8 kg/ha), nut-linden (326 kg/ha); oaklinden plantations in the understory with Tatarian maple (306.4 kg/ha); linden-aspen plantations (421.6 kg/ha) are distinguished by significant melliferous capacity. Oak-maple plantations with common maple (with Tatarian maple in the understory) and a forest live cover with aise-weed, starwort, ground ivy and lungwort (603.4 kg/ha) show high melliferous capacity in the aise-weed sedge oak grove. With the skillful use of the melliferous potential of forest plants, we can successfully develop not only profitable beekeeping, but also significantly increase the forest resources of the southern regions of the European part of the Russian Federation.

Authors

I.D. Samsonova, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor

Affiliation

Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University under name of S.M. Kirov, Institutskiy per., 5, Saint Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation; е-mail: isamsonova18@mail.ru

Keywords

plant formation, melliferous capacity, ravine forest, forest area, steppe Don Region

For citation

Samsonova I.D. Melliferous Capacity of Plant Formations in Forest Area Lands of the Steppe Don Region. Lesnoy zhurnal [Forestry journal], 2017, no. 4, pp. 69–83. 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2017.4.69

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Received on January 07, 2017