Address: 17 Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, Arkhangelsk 163002 Russian Federation. Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V.Lomonosov. Office 1425

Phone / Fax: (818-2) 21-61-18
E-mail: forest@narfu.ru
http://lesnoizhurnal.ru/en/

RussianEnglish



Archive

Seed Regeneration of Buxus colchica Pojark. under the Conditions of Epiphytotics of Boxwood Forests

Версия для печати
Creative Commons License
These works are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

V.A. Chadaeva, R.H. Pshegusov

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 2.2MB )

UDС

630*182.21+632.92+631.531

DOI:

10.37482/0536-1036-2020-6-55-73

Abstract

In response to expansion of Cydalima perspectalis Walker, 1859, mass scale drying of Buxus colchica Pojark. resulted in succession of forest communities of the Western Caucasus in 2014–2017. Changes in illumination of the forest low storeys were conducive to intensive growth of such herbaceous plants as Symphytum grandiflorum DC., Asarum intermedium (C. A. Mey. ex Ledeb.) Grossh., Festuca drymeja Mert. & W.D.J. Koch, Allium ursinum L., etc. and Ruscus colchicus Yeo, Geranium robertianum L., Rubus anatolicus Focke, Hedera colchica (K. Koch) K. Koch in the undergrowth. The ground vegetation with total projective cover up to 100 % was formed. Under current conditions the total number of B. colchica seedlings 2–15 cm high is only 10–320 pcs/ha on the southern macroslope and 5–87 pcs/ha on the northern macroslope. It is hundreds and thousands of times less as it was before boxwood forests extinction. The research purpose was to determine the factors effecting seed regeneration of B. colchica in the Western Caucasus under the conditions of succession caused by C. perspectalis expansion and further epiphytotics of boxwood forests. We carried out the studies on the southern and northern macroslopes of the Western Caucasus in the basins of the Khosta, Kurdzhips, and Tsitsa rivers in 2018–2019. The number of B. colchica seedlings was determined by their complete enumeration within 66 sampling plots; the area of each plot comprised 400 m2. When revealing the factors which effect seed regeneration of B. colchica, we analyzed 17 landscape and phytocenotic parameters: altitude above sea level; exposure and slope inclination; crown density of upper storey; parameters of undergrowth, main species stands, and dead boxwood; total projective cover of undergrowth and herbage. The principal factor preventing development of B. colchica seedlings is growthinhibition due to the herb-shrub storey. The total projective cover of undergrowth and herbage are the most important predictors for the number of B. colchica seedlings on the sampling plots. For the mentioned parameters we revealed the maximum regression coefficients b* at the significance level p < 0.05: –0.589 and –0.478 for the southern macroslope, and –0.667 and –0.954 for the northern macroslope. The maximum projective cover of undergrowth in forest areas with boxwood regeneration is 50 % for both macroslopes. The maximum acceptable herbage cover is 15 % in the basin of the Khosta river, and 40 % in the basins of the Tsitsa and Kurdzhips rivers. Shading from the side of the forest upper storey suppresses growth of ground vegetation, and also prevents the development of B. colchica seedlings. Therefore the crown density, within the complex of factors, has no direct effect on the parameters of seed regeneration of B. colchica. In case of further intensive growth of the herb-shrub storey in forest phytocenoses, natural boxwood forests regeneration is highly improbable in the Western Caucasus. Artificial removal of undergrowth and herbage in forest areas will facilitate seed regeneration of the species. The research results are the basis for further monitoring of the regeneration processes of boxwood forests or their possible aboriginal change in the region.

Authors

V.A. Chadaeva, Doctor of Biology; ResearcherID: AAF-3095-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0788-1395
R.H. Pshegusov, Candidate of Biology; ResearcherID: I-8766-2012, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6204-2690

Affiliation

Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories of Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. I. Armand, 37a, Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, 360051, Russian Federation; e-mail: v_chadayeva@mail.rup_rustem@inbox.ru

Keywords

forest phytocenosis, succession, regeneration of Buxus colchica, ground vegetation, Cydalima perspectalis, Western Caucasus

Funding

The research was carried out with the financial support from the RFBR grant No. 18-04-00961 and within the framework of the state assignment No. 075-00347-19-00 on the topic “Regularities of the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Meadow and Forest Ecosystems in Mountainous Areas (The Russian Western and Central Caucasus)”.
Acknowledgements: We gratefully acknowledge I.B. Rapoport, candidate of biology, the head of the Laboratory for Ecology of Invertebrate Species and Communities of the Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories of the Russian Academy of Sciences, for comprehensive assistance in collecting the field data.

For citation

Chadaeva V.A., Pshegusov R.H. Seed Regeneration of Buxus colchica Pojark. under the Conditions of Epiphytotics of Boxwood Forests. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2020, no. 6, pp. 55–73. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2020-6-55-73

References

1. Akatova Yu.S., Rezchikova O.N., Grabenko E.A. Response of Biotic Communities of the Khosta Yew-Boxwood Grove to the Buxus colchica Destruction. Current Issues of Biodiversity Conservation and Environmentally Sustainable Nature Management in the Western Caucasus: Proceedings of the International Conference. Nalchik, 2019, pp. 94–95.
2. Bebia S.M. Forest Resources of the Caucasian Black Sea Coast: Problems and Prospects of Rational Use. Sibirskij Lesnoj Zurnal [Siberian Journal of Forest Science], 2015, no. 1, pp. 9–24.
3. Bormotov I.V. Lagonaki Highlands: Development Strategy. Mountain and Recreational Use of Natural Resources. Maykop, Adygea Publ., 2008. 167 p.
4. Gasich E.L., Kazartsev I.A., Gannibal Ph.B., Koval A.G., Shipilova N.P., Khlopunova L.B., Ovsyannikova E.I. Calonectria pseudonaviculata – A New for Abkhazia Species, the Causal Agent of Boxwood Blight. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya [Mycology and Phytopathology], 2013, vol. 47, iss. 2, pp. 129–131.
5. Dvoretskaya E.V. The Influence of Natural Climatic Factors on the Number and Distribution of Box Regrowth. Lesovedenie [Russian Journal of Forest Science], 2010, no. 4, pp. 27–33.
6. Dvoretskaya E.V. Characteristics of Buxus colchica Stands and Their Condition from 2005 to 2009. Buxus colchica: Retrospective and Current State of Populations: Proceedings of the Sochi National Park. Moscow, Buki Vedi Publ., 2016, iss. 7, pp. 41–53.
7. Gninenko Yu.I., Sergeyeva Yu.A., Shiryaeva N.V., Lyanguzov M.E. Boxwood Moth Cydalima perspectalis – A Dangerous Invasive Pest of Boxwood. Lesokhozyaystvennaya informatsiya [Forestry information], 2016, no. 3, pp. 25–35.
8. Zhukova A.I., Grigorev I.V., Grigoreva O.I., Ledyaeva A.S. Forest Resource Management. Saint Petersburg, SPbGLTA Publ., 2008. 213 p.
9. Kolganikhina G.B. Year Dynamics of the Colchis Box Health Status and Cylindrocladium Box Blight Development in the Sochi National Park. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta lesa – Lesnoy vestnik [Forestry Bulletin], 2014, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 202–209.
10. Neronov V.V. Field Practice on Geobotany in Central Russia. Moscow, BCC Publ., 2002. 139 p.
11. Regulation on the Federal State Institution “Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve” named after H.G. Shaposhnikov.
12. Rezchikova O.N. The Nature of the Renewal of Taxus baccata in the Western Caucasus. Vestnik Adygeyskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, seriya «Estestvenno-matematicheskiye i tekhnicheskiye nauki» [The Bulletin of the Adyghe State University, the series “NaturalMathematical and Technical Sciences”], 2017, iss. 3(206), pp. 88–94.
13. Rybak E.A. General Characteristics of Climate and Climate-Forming Factors in the Research Area. Buxus colchica: Retrospective and Current State of Populations: Proceedings of the Sochi National Park. Moscow, Buki Vedi Publ., 2016, vol. 7, pp. 26–31.
14. Semagina R.N. Vegetation of the Colchian Subtropical Forests of the Sochi Coast of the Caucasus. Soil and Biogeocenological Studies: Proceedings of the Caucasus State Reserve. Moscow, 1990, iss. 14, pp. 33–44.
15. Soltani G.A., Rybak E.A. Predicting the Direction of Succession of Boxwood on the Black Sea Coast of Caucasus. Social, Economic, Technological and Environmental Aspects of Sustainable Development of the Russian Regions: Collection of Academic Papers of the AllRussian Conference, Sochi, October 23–26, 2018. Sochi, Optima Publ., 2018. pp. 275–281.
16. Shchurov V.I., Vibe E.N., Shchurova A.V., Bondarenko A.S. Population Dynamics of Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and the State of Populations of Buxus colchica Pojarkov, 1947 in the North-Western Caucasus in 2017–2018. The Kataev Memorial Readings – X. Dendrobiotic Invertebrates and Fungi and Their Role in Forest Ecosystems. Vol.1. Insects and Other Invertebrates: Proceedings of the International Conference, Saint Petersburg, October 22–25, 2018. Saint Petersburg, SPbFTU Publ., 2018, pp. 123–124. DOI: 10.21266/SPBFTU.2018.KATAEV.1
17. Shchurov V., Skvortsov M., Radchenko K., Semenov A., Zhukov E., Shchurova A. Inventory of Buxus colchica Habitats and Populations as Potential High Conservation Value Forests Sites on the Southern Macroslope of the Western Caucasus under the Ongoing Invasion of Boxwood Moth. Ustoychivoye lesopol’zovaniye, 2017, no. 4(52). pp. 13–21.
18. Shchurov V.I., Bondarenko A., Zhukov E., Shelest V., Alent’yev N., Skvortsov M., Mukhina S. Inventory of the Buxus colchica Area within the Northern Macroslope of the Western Caucasus for Establishing Forest Genetic Reserves in the Context of Cydalima perspectalis Expansion. Ustoychivoye lesopol’zovaniye, 2016, no. 2(46), pp. 25–30.
19. Badano D., Caracciolo D., Mariotti M., Raineri V. Destruction of a Protected Habitat by an Invasive Alien Species: The Case of Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) in the Box Tree Formations of Liguria (North-West Italy) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). SHILAP, 2019, vol. 47(185), pp. 87–95.
20. Baur B., Jung J., Rusterholz H.-P. Defoliation of Wild Native Box Trees (Buxus sempervirens): Does Box Rust (Puccinia buxi) Infection Influence Herbivory, Survival and Growth of the Invasive Cydalima perspectalis? Journal of Applied Entomology, 2019, vol. 143, iss. 7, pp. 766–775. DOI: 10.1111/jen.12640
21. Bras A., Avtzis D.N., Kenis M., Li H., Vétek G., Bernard A. et al. A Complex Invasion Story Underlies the Fast Spread of the Invasive Box Tree Moth (Cydalima perspectalis) across Europe. Journal of Pest Science, 2019, vol. 92, iss. 3, pp. 1187–1202. DOI: 10.1007/s10340-019-01111-x
22. Kenis M., Nacambo S., Leuthardt F.L.G., di Domenico F., Haye T. The Box Tree Moth, Cydalima perspectalis, in Europe: Horticultural Pest or Environmental Disaster? Aliens: The Invasive Species Bulletin, 2013, iss. 33, pp. 38–41.
23. López C., Eizaguirre M. Diapause and Biological Cycle of Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) in the Eastern Pyrenees. Journal of Applied Entomology, 2019, vol. 143, iss. 10, pp. 1096–1104. DOI: 10.1111/jen.12709
24. Martini A., Vitantonio C.D., Dindo M.L. Acceptance and Suitability of the Box Tree Moth Cydalima perspectalis as Host for the Tachinid Parasitoid Exorista larvarum. Bulletin of Insectology, 2019, vol. 72(1), pp. 150–160.
25. Mitchell R., Chitanava S., Dbar R., Kramarets V., Lehtijärvi A., Matchutadze I. et al. Identifying the Ecological and Societal Consequences of a Decline in Buxus Forests in Europe and the Caucasus. Biological Invasions, 2018, vol. 20, iss. 12, pp. 3605–3620. DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1799-8
26. Mostini L. Bird Predation on Larvae of the Box Tree Moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859). Rivista italiana di Ornitologia [Research in Ornithology], 2019, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 45–46. DOI: 10.4081/rio.2018.372
27. Nacambo S., Leuthardt F.L.G., Wan H., Li H., Haye T., Baur B., Weiss R.M., Kenis M. Development Characteristics of the Box-Tree Moth Cydalima perspectalis and Its Potential Distribution in Europe. Journal of Applied Entomology, 2014, vol. 138, iss. 1-2, pp. 14–26. DOI: 10.1111/jen.12078
28. Nagy A., Szarukán I., Csabai J., Molnár A., Molnár B.P., Kárpáti Z., Tóth M. Distribution of the Box Tree Moth (Cydalima perspectalis Walker 1859) in the NorthEastern Part of the Carpathian Basin with a New Ukrainian Record and Hungarian Data. EPPO Bulletin, 2017, vol. 47, iss. 2, pp. 279–282. DOI: 10.1111/epp.12384
29. The Plant List. Version 1.1. 2013. Available at: http://www.theplantlist.org (accessed 29.11.19).
30. Wan H., Haye T., Kenis M., Nacambo S., Xu H., Zhang F., Li H. Biology and Natural Enemies of Cydalima perspectalis in Asia: Is There Biological Control Potential in Europe? Journal of Applied Entomology, 2014, vol. 138, iss. 10, pp. 715–722. DOI: 10.1111/jen.12132

Received on November 29, 2019


Seed Regeneration of Buxus colchica Pojark. under the Conditions of Epiphytotics of Boxwood Forests

 

Make a Submission


ADP_cert_2024.png

Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal) was awarded the "Seal of Recognition for Active Data Provider of the Year 2024"

INDEXED IN: 

scopus.jpg

DOAJ_logo-colour.png

logotype.png

Логотип.png