Address: 17 Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, Arkhangelsk 163002 Russian Federation. Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V.Lomonosov. Office 1425

Phone / Fax: (818-2) 21-61-18
E-mail: forest@narfu.ru
http://lesnoizhurnal.ru/en/

RussianEnglish



Archive

Impact of Thinning and Nitrogen on Seasonal Dynamics of Pine and Spruce Root Respiration

Версия для печати
Creative Commons License
These works are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

L.V. Zarubina, V.N. Konovalov

Complete text of the article:

Download article (pdf, 0.5MB )

UDС

630*161.4:631.811.1

DOI:

DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2016.1.100

Abstract

The paper studies the seasonal dynamics of pine and spruce root respiration in the northern taiga plant communities, depending on the light conditions and nitrogenous nutrition. The highest respiration rate (releasing CO2) of roots of woody plants is observed in June and July in the period of the growth of the vegetative organs. In August when the shoot growth is completed, the intensity of pine and spruce root respiration rate decreases in spite of the favorable weather conditions. In July the respiration rate of absorbing pine roots in a lichen pine forest at the temperature of 20.0 ?C is 1.52 mg CO2 per g needle dry weight. In August the respiration rate at the same temperature does not normally exceed 1.09 mg CO2. Selective cutting in the bilberry birch forests increases in 5–8 years the illumination under the canopy by 25–35 thous. lx, reduces the warming-up period of a soil root zone up to the root active temperature by 2 weeks, intensifies the root respiration rate of the overtopped spruce by 1.4– 1.9 times. The illumination necessary for the efficient root activity of the overtopped spruce in the 53-, 59-years-old birch forests is reached by cutting of 50–52 % of birch growing stock. Nitrogen fertilizers, applied in the lichen pine forests and bilberry birch forests, increase the root respiration rate of pine and spruce by 1.4–1.7 times and intensify physiological activity of a tree. The nitrogen dosage necessary for the efficient activity of the tree root systems is approximately 180 kg of the primary nutrient per 1 ha. Both the increase and deficiency of a nitrogen dosage under the normal climate conditions reduce the energy rate of pine and spruce roots, disturb the physiological activity and growth rate in the aboveground tree portions. In the rainy conditions they intensify CO2 releasing rate by the roots. Selective cutting in the bilberry birch forests intensifies the root activity of the overtopped spruce. Positive influence of nitrogen applied in the forest stands on the root respiratory metabolism as a result of the root competition for food is slightly reduced. According to the intensity of roots breathing, it is possible to define and set the parameters of thinning out of wood canopy and a dose of mineral feed for the highest productivity of plantings.

Authors

L.V. Zarubina1, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor V.N. Konovalov2, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor

Affiliation

1Vologda State Dairy Farming Academy by N.V. Vereshchagin, Schmidt st., 2, Molochnoe, Vologda, 160555, Russian Federation; e-mail: Liliva270975@yandex.ru2Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation; e-mail: v.konovalov@agtu.ru

Keywords

root respiration, pine, spruce, nitrogen, cutting.

References

1. Abrazhko M.A. Abrazhko M.A. Vliyanie azotnykh udobreniy na izmenenie massy i fraktsionnyy sostav korney eli [Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Change in Mass and Fractional Composition of Spruce Roots]. Lesovedenie, 1986, no. 6, pp. 75–80.
2. Andreeva T.F. Andreeva T.F. Fotosintez i azotnyy obmen rasteniy [Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Metabolism of Plants]. Fiziologiya fotosinteza, 1982, pp. 89–104.
3. Baneva N.A. Reaktsiya melkikh korney na azotnoe udobrenie [The Response of Fine Roots on the Nitrogen Fertilizer]. Lesovedenie, 1990, no. 2, pp. 62–71.
4. Walter O.A., Pinevich L.M., Varasova N.N. Praktikum po fiziologii rasteniy s osnovami biokhimii [Practical Course of Plant Physiology with the Principles of Biochemistry]. Moscow; Leningrad, 1957. 341 p.
5. Veretennikov A.V., Konovalov V.N. Vliyanie osusheniya na intensivnost' dykhaniya korney Picea abies (Pinacea abies Karst. (Pinaceae)) v el'nike osokovo-sfagnovom severnoy podzony taygi [The Influence of Drainage on the Respiration Rate of the Roots of Picea abies (Pinacea abies Karst. (Pinaceae)) in the Sedge-Sphagnum Spruce Forest of the Northern Taiga Subzone]. Botanicheskiy zhurnal, 1979, vol. 64, pp. 252–254.
6. Zarubina L.V., Konovalov V.N. Vliyanie rubok na fotosintez i ottok 14C-assimilyatov u podrosta eli v bereznyakakh chernichnykh [Effect of Cutting on the Photosynthesis and the 14C-Assimilates Outflow in Spruce Undergrowth in the Bilberry Birch Forests]. Vestnik Pomorskogo universiteta, 2011, no. 3, pp. 49–54.
7. Zakharin A.A. Metod registratsii bystroy kinetiki rosta korney i nadzemnykh organov prorostkov [The Method of Recording of Fast Kinetics of Roots Growth and Overground Seedlings]. Fiziologiya rasteniy, 1993, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 940–946.
8. Kolosov I.I. Poglotitel'naya deyatel'nost' kornevykh sistem rasteniy [The Absorbing Activity of the Root Systems of Plants]. Moscow, 1962. 182 р.
9. Konovalov V.N., Zarubina L.V. Biologicheskie osobennosti podrosta eli v bereznyakakh chernichnykh posle vyborochnykh rubok [Biological Features of Spruce Undergrowth in the Bilberry Birch Forests after Selective Cuttings]. Vestnik KrasGAU, 2011, no. 8, pp. 99–104.
10. Konovalov V.N., Zarubina L.V. Vliyanie dozy azota pri podkormkakh na ottok 14C-assimilyatov u sosny v sosnyakakh lishaynikovykh [Impact of Nitrogen Dose on the 14C-Assimilates Outflow in Pine Trees at the Lichen Pine Forests]. Lesnoy zhurnal, 2012, no. 1, pp. 7–13.
11. Konovalov V.N., Zarubina L.V. Ekologo-fiziologicheskie osobennosti khvoynykh na udobrennykh pochvakh [Ecological and Physiological Features of Coniferous at the Fertilized Soils]. Arkhangelsk, 2011. 338 p.
12. Konovalov V.N., Listov A.A. Vliyanie usloviy mineral'nogo pitaniya na dykhanie korney sosny obyknovennoy [The Influence of Mineral Nutrition Conditions on Root Respiration of Scots Pine]. Lesnoy zhurnal, 1989, no. 4, pp. 15–19.
13. Kulaeva O.N. K voprosu o vliyanii kornevoy sistemy na obmen veshchestv [On the Effect of the Root System on the Metabolism]. Rol' mineral'nykh elementov v obmene veshchestv i produktivnosti rasteniy [The Role of Mineral Elements in Metabolism and Plant Productivity]. Moscow, 1964, pp. 224–229.
14. Kulaeva O.N. Gormonal'naya regulyatsiya fiziologicheskikh protsessov u rasteniy na urovne sinteza RNK i belka [Hormonal Regulation of Physiological Processes in Plants at the RNA Level and Protein Synthesis]. 41-e Timiryazevskoe chtenie [The 41st Timiryazev Reading]. Moscow, 1982. 82 p.
15. Kursanov A.L. Transport assimilyatov v rastenii [Assimilate Transport in Plants]. Moscow, 1976. 647 p.
16. Mamaev V.V. Sutochnye izmeneniya intensivnosti vydeleniya CO2 u kornevykh mochek sosny i berezy v prirodnykh usloviyakh [Daily Variations in Intensity of CO2 Emissions from Root Fibrils of Pine and Birch Trees in Natural Conditions]. Lesovedenie, 1983, no. 3, pp. 33–38.
17. Menyaylo L.N. Gormonal'naya regulyatsiya ksilogeneza khvoynykh [Hormonal Regulation of Xylogenesis in Conifers]. Novosibirsk, 1987. 185р.
18. Obrucheva N.V. Fiziologicheskaya kharakteristika zon kornya [Physiological Characteristic of the Root Zones]. Rol' mineral'nykh elementov v obmene veshchestv i produktivnosti rasteniy [The Role of Mineral Elements in Metabolism and Plant Productivity]. Moscow, 1964, pp. 259–265.
19. Orlov A.Ya., Koshel'kov S.P., Petrov-Spiridonov A.A. Primenenie azotnykh udobreniy dlya uskoreniya rosta elovogo podrosta na vyrubkakh [The Use of Nitrogen Fertilizers to Accelerate the Growth of Spruce Young Growth in the Cuttings]. Lesovedenie, 1987, no. 5, pp. 20–28.
20. Orlov A.Ya., Koshel'kov S.P. Pochvennaya ekologiya sosny [Soil Ecology of Pine Trees]. Moscow, 1971. 323 p.
21. Peshkova A.A. Assimilyatsiya azota v kornyakh i list'yakh prorostkov kukuruzy v temnote i na svetu [Assimilation of Nitrogen in the Roots and Leaves of Maize Seedlings in the Dark and the Light]. Fiziologiya rasteniy, 1991, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 86–93.
22. Rakhteenko I.N. Rost i vzaimodeystvie kornevykh sistem drevesnykh rasteniy [The Growth and Interaction of the Root Systems of Woody Plants]. Minsk, 1963. 254 p.
23. Repka I., Sarych M., Marek Y. Vliyanie nedostatka makroelementov na strukturu khloroplastov i produktivnost' fotosinteza u rasteniy kukuruzy [Effect of Lack of Macronutrients on the Chloroplast Structure and Productivity of Photosynthesis in Maize Plants]. Fiziologiya rasteniy, 1971, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 1107–1112.
24. Rubin A.B., Germanova V.F. O sinteze pigmentov v kornyakh [On the Pigment Synthesis in the Roots]. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR [Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR], 1959, vol. 124, no. 4, pp. 940–943.
25. Sabinin D.A. Fiziologicheskie osnovy pitaniya rasteniy [Physiological Bases of Plant Nutrition]. Moscow, 1955. 474 p.
26. Smirnov V.V. Sezonnyy rost glavneyshikh drevesnykh porod [Seasonal Growth of the Main Tree Species]. Moscow, 1964. 167 p.
27. Chernobrovkina N.P. Ekofiziologicheskaya kharakteristika ispol'zovaniya azota sosnoy obyknovennoy [Ecophysiological Characteristic of Nitrogen Use by Scots Pine]. St. Petersburg, 2001. 175 p.
28. Shcherbakov A.P. Kaliy kak regulyator fermentativnykh protsessov v rasteniyakh. Soobshchenie 1 [Potassium as a Regulator of Fermentative Processes in Plants. Report 1].
Tr. IFR AN SSSR [Proc. of the Institute of Plant Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR], 1946, vol. 1, iss. 2, pp. 116–128.
29. Shcherbakov A.P. Kaliy kak regulyator fermentativnykh protsessov v rasteniyakh. Soobshchenie 2 [Potassium as a Regulator of Fermentative Processes in Plants. Report 2]. Tr. IFR AN SSSR [Proc. of the Institute of Plant Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR], 1948, vol. 1, iss. 1, pp. 180–192.
30. Mannerkoski H., Miyazawa T. Growth Disturbances and Needle and Soil Nutrient Contents in a NPK-Fertilized Scots Pine Plantation on a Drained Small-Sedge Bog. Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae, 1983, no. 116, pp. 85–91.
31. Michniewicz M., Stopinska J. The Effect of Nitrogen Nutrition on Growth and on Plant Hormones Content in Scots Pine (Pinus silvestris L.) Seedlings Grown Under Light of Different Intensity. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol., 1980, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 221–234.
32. Michniewicz M., Stopinska J. The Effect of Potassium Nutrition on Growth and on Plant Hormones Content in Scots Pine (Pinus silvestris L.) Seedlings Grown Under Light of Different Intensity. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol., 1980, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 235–244.
Received on October 15, 2014

Impact of Thinning and Nitrogen on Seasonal Dynamics of Pine and Spruce Root Respiration

 

Make a Submission


ADP_cert_2024.png

Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal) was awarded the "Seal of Recognition for Active Data Provider of the Year 2024"

INDEXED IN: 

scopus.jpg

DOAJ_logo-colour.png

logotype.png

Логотип.png