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Дифференциация плюсовых деревьев сосны обыкновенной по состоянию ксилемы. С. 9–25

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Н.Н. Бессчетнова, В.П. Бессчетнов, Н.А. Бабич, В.А. Брынцев

Рубрика: Лесное хозяйство

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УДК

630*165.6+630*232.311.3+630*232.12:582.475.4

DOI:

10.37482/0536-1036-2023-4-9-25

Аннотация

Важным моментом при создании лесосеменных плантаций является формирование их оптимального состава, позволяющего избежать проявлений инбредной депрессии получаемого на них семенного материала, которая возникает вследствие скрещивания между близкородственными плюсовыми деревьями. Этот негативный эффект можно снизить путем обеспечения наследственной гетерогенности материала для создания лесосеменных плантаций. Цель работы – дать сравнительную оценку плюсовых деревьев сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.) как одной из наиболее значимых в хозяйственном плане древесных пород на Европейском континенте по их физиологическому состоянию. Изучено образование и одревеснение ксилемы плюсовых деревьев, выделенных в Нижегородской области России. Проведено гистохимическое исследование с использованием реакции флороглюцина на лигнин. Фенотипические различия в физиологическом состоянии плюсовых деревьев проявились на выровненном экологическом фоне, что указывает на их генотипический детерминизм. Данный факт подтвержден дисперсионным анализом. Доля влияния различий между собственно плюсовыми деревьями составила от 25,16±8,91 до 53,98±5,48 %. По результатам факторного и кластерного анализа выполнено объединение плюсовых деревьев на основе сходства по всему комплексу оценок состояния ксилемы. Идентифицированы объекты, статисти чески наиболее удаленные от остальных в многомерном пространстве признаков. Наследственный характер различий, установленных между плюсовыми деревьями, позволяет рассматривать их группирование по кластерам как генотипически обусловленное. Результаты исследования дают возможность обоснованно подходить к формированию ассортимента клоновых лесосеменных плантаций сосны обыкновенной.

Сведения об авторах

Н.Н. Бессчетнова1, д-р с.-х. наук; ResearcherID: H-1343-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7140-8797
В.П. Бессчетнов1*, д-р биол. наук, проф.; ResearcherID: S-5889-2016, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5024-7464
Н.А. Бабич2, д-р с.-х. наук, проф.; ResearcherID: G-7384-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7463-2519
В.А. Брынцев3, д-р с.-х. наук, проф.; ResearcherID: O-4591-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-1444
1Нижегородский государственный агротехнологический университет, просп. Гагарина, д. 97, г. Нижний Новгород, Россия, 603107; besschetnova1966@mail.ru, lesfak@bk.ru*
2Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, наб. Северной Двины, д. 17, г. Архангельск, Россия, 163002; forest@narfu.ru
3Главный ботанический сад им. Н.В. Цицина РАН, ул. Ботаническая, д. 4, Москва, Россия, 127276; bryntsev@mail.ru

Ключевые слова

сосна обыкновенная, плюсовые деревья, клоны, инбредная депрессия, ксилема, одревеснение, наследственная обусловленность

Для цитирования

Besschetnova N.N., Besschetnov V.P., Babich N.A., Bryntsev V.A. Differentiation of Plus Trees of Scots Pine by Xylem Conditions // Изв. вузов. Лесн. журн. 2023. № 4. С. 9–25. https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-4-9-25

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