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Н.А. Демидова, Гёста Эрикссон Рубрика: Лесное хозяйство Скачать статью (pdf, 0.7MB )УДК630*165.3:634.74+582.866DOI:10.17238/issn0536-1036.2018.5.26АннотацияОблепиха (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), одно из самых полезных растений для пищевой и медицинской промышленности, широко используется для улучшения почвенного плодородия и рекультивации нарушенных земель. Знание генетических параметров важнейших признаков любых видов растений является предпосылкой успешной селекции. Существует ограниченное количество публикаций по внутрипопуляционной изменчивости облепихи по признакам роста и морозостойкости. Эксперименты проводились в контролируемых условиях климатической камеры на кафедре лесной генетики Шведского университета сельскохозяйственных наук. Сеянцы облепихи, полученные от контролируемого скрещивания между тремя женскими растениями и шестью мужскими растениями облепихи, а также сеянцы от свободного опыления материнских растений, выращивались в контролируемых условиях до перехода их в период покоя и последующего распускания почек. Изучались изменения в росте, длительность периода роста, раннее распускание почек и степень их повреждения морозом. В подтверждение предыдущих сообщений, нами обнаружено, что завершение роста побегов облепихи обусловлено в основном тепловым фактором. Отсутствие реакции облепихи на фотопериодичность отличает ее от большинства древесных видов умеренного пояса. В ходе эксперимента установлен высокий уровень генетической дисперсии для показателей роста у облепихи. Компонент женской дисперсии для изученных показателей был выше, чем мужской, вероятно из-за размера семян. Анализ результатов выявил, что оценка генетических параметров облепихи должна проводиться на потомстве от контролируемых скрещиваниий, а не от свободного опыления. Наблюдаемый материнский эффект показал, что вес семян может быть значительной ковариатой при дисперсионном анализе. Тест на замораживание, проведенный в этом эксперименте, не выявил каких-либо компонентов генетической дисперсии, ответственных за изменение доли поврежденных почек после замораживания.Сведения об авторахН.А. Демидова1, канд. биол. наукГёста Эрикссон2, PhD, проф. 1Северный научно-исследовательский институт лесного хозяйства, ул. Никитова, д. 13, г. Архангельск, Россия; e-mail: natalia.demidova@sevniilh-arh.ru 2Шведский университет сельскохозяйственных наук, кафедра биологии растений, БиоЦентр, г. Упсала, Швеция; e-mail: gosta.eriksson@slu.se Ключевые словаоблепиха, генетика, контролируемое скрещивание, свободное опыление, женские и мужские растения, рост, морозоустойчивостьИсточник финансированияСтатья опубликована в рамках реализации программы развития научных журналов в 2018 г.Для цитированияДля цитирования: Demidova N.A., Eriksson G. Genetic Variation in Growth Characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides L. Grown under Controlled Conditions // Лесн. журн. 2018. № 5. С. 26–37. Itstic. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2018.5.26Литература1. Бессчетнов В.П. Специфика фенологии облепихи крушиновидной различного географического происхождения в связи с адаптационными процессами // Биология, селекция и агротехника плодовых и ягодных культур: сб. науч. тр. Горький: Горьков. с.-х. ин-т., 1987. С. 14–21.2. Демидова Н.А. Отбор устойчивых для культуры на Севере форм облепихи // Вопросы интродукции хозяйственно ценных древесных пород на Европейский Север. Архангельск: АИЛиЛХ, 1989. С. 54–62. 3. Елисеев И.П. Результаты и перспективы интродукции облепихи крушиновой в средней полосе // Биологические основы повышения продуктивности и охраны растительных сообществ Поволжья. Горький: Горьков. с.-х. ин-т., 1980. С. 121–129. 4. Калинина И.П., Пантелеева Е.И. Облепиха. Достижения селекции плодовых культур и винограда. М.: Наука, 1983. С. 177–189. 5. Нилов В.Н. Интродукция облепихи в дендрологическом саду АИЛиЛХ // Вопросы искусственного лесовосстановления на Европейском Севере. Архангельск: АИЛиЛХ, 1986. С. 91–101. 6. Васильченко Г.В. Оптимальные условия роста и урожайности облепихи // Витаминные растительные ресурсы и их использование: материалы науч.-техн. совещания. М.: МГУ, 1977. С. 243–245. 7. Земцова А.Я. Генетическая и биохимическая оценка сортообразцов облепихи различного эколого-географического происхождения в коллекции НИИ садоводства Сибири им. М.А. Лисавенко: автореф. дис. ... канд. с.-х. наук. Барнаул, 2017. 18 с. 8. Bartish G., Jeppson N., Bartish I., Nybom N. Assessment of Genetic Diversity Using RAPD Analysis in a Germplasm Collection of Sea Buckthorn // Agricultural and Food Science in Finland. 2000. Vol. 9, no. 4. Pp. 279–289. Режим доступа: https://journal.fi/ afs/article/view/5669/4868 (дата обращения: 04.12.2008). 9. Demidova N. Research on Development of Sea Buckthorn Varieties in the Conditions of Russian North // Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae L.) – A Multipurpose Wonder Plant. Botany. Vol. 1. Harvesting and Processing Technologies / Editor in Chief V. Singh. New Delhi, India: Indus Publishing Company, 2003. Рp. 125–136. 10. Demidova N. Review on Sea Buckthorn Research in the Russian Federation and New Independent States (NIS) // Proceeding of the 3rd International Sea Buckthorn Association Conference, Auguat 12–12, 2007 / Editor in Chief D.B. McKenzie. Quebec City, Canada, 2009. Pp. 9–30. Режим доступа: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Haihong_ Wang4/publication/303987959_Proceedings_of_the_3rd_International_Seabuckthorn_Association_Conference/links/57618b5f08aeeada5bc4fd87/Proceedings-of-the-3rd-International-Seabuckthorn-Association-Conference.pdf (дата обращения: 01.10.2009). 11. Ercisli S., Orhan E., Yildirim N, Ağar G. Comparison of Sea Buckthorn Genotypes (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Based on RAPD and FAME Data // Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2008. No. 32, iss. 5. Pp. 363–368. 12. Eriksson G., Ekberg I., Clapham D. An Introduction to Forest Genetics. Uppsala: SLU, 2007. 185 p. 13. Eriksson G., Lundkvist K. Adaptation and Breeding of Forest Trees in Boreal Areas // Proceeding of the Frans Kempe Symposium in Umea, June 10–11: Report Dept. of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology. 1986. No. 6. Pp. 67–80. 14. Garanovich I.M, Shpitalnaya T.V. Role of Intraspecific Variability in Introduction of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) in Belarus // Sea Buckthorn – A Multipurpose Wonder Plant. Vol. IV. Emerging Trends in Research and Technologies / Editor in Chief V. Singh. New Dehli, India: Daya Publishin House, 2014. Pp. 107–139. 15. Jeppsson N., Bartish I.V., Persson H.A. DNA Analysis as a Tool in Sea Buckthorn Breeding // Perspectives on New Crops and New Uses / Еditor in Chief J. Janick. Alexandria, VA: ASHS Press, 1999. Pp. 338–341. 16. Kallio H., Yang B., Halttunen T. Flavonol Glycosides of Berries of Three Major Sea Buckthorn Subspecies, Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. rhamnoides, ssp. sinensis and ssp. mongolica // The Proceedings of Invited Speeches of the Second International Sea Buckthorn Association Conference, August 26–29, 2005. Beijing, China, 2005. Pp. 29–35. 17. Letchamo W., Molnar T., Funk C.R. Eco Genetic Variations in Biological Activities of Sea Berry (Hippophae rhamnoides) // Proceedings of International Cymposium on Medicinal and Nutraceutical Plants. ISHS Acta Horticulture. 2007. No. 756. Pp. 229–244. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.756.24 18. Morsel J.-T., Steen S. Alternative Methods and Technologies for Sea Buckthorn Processing // Proceedings of Invited Speeches of the Second International Sea Buckthorn Association Conference, August 26–29, 2005. Beijing, China, 2005. Pp. 43–49. 19. Mörsel J.T., Zubarev Y.A., Sordonova M. Comparison of Biochemical Properties of Sea Buckthorn Varieties of Different Origins // Proceedings of 7th Conference of the International Sea Buckthorn Association on “Sea Buckthorn: Emerging Technologies for Health Protection and Environmental Conservation”, November 24–26, 2015 / Ed. in Chief V. Singh. New Delhi, India, 2015. Pp.199–204. 20. Ranwell D.S. The Management of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) on Selected Sites in Great Britain: Report of the Hippophae Study Group: Norwich, Great Britain: The Nature Conservancy, 1972. 55 p. Режим доступа: http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/ id/eprint/ 7928/1/Sea_Buckthorn.pdf (дата обращения: 07.08.2009). 21. Rousi A. Observations on the Cytology and Variation of European and Asiatic Populations of Hippophae rhamnoides // Annales Botanici Fennici. 1965. Vol. 2, no. 1. Pp. 1–18. 22. Rousi A. Changes during 35 Years in the Range of Hippophae rhamnoides in the Archipelago of Rauma on the Gulf of Bothnia Coast. Department of Botany, University of Turku, 1976. No. 232. Pp. 1–5. 23. Ruan C.-J., Li D. Role of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) in Improving Eco-Environment of Loess Plateau of China // Proceedings of International Workshop on Sea Buckthorn – a Resource for Health and Environment in Twenty First Century / Editor by V. Singh and P.K. Khosla. New Delhi, India, 2002. Pp. 44–53. 24. SAS User's Guide: Statistics / ed. by N.C. Cary. USA: SAS institute, 1982. 584 p. 25. Shan J. Studies on Genetic Variation in Hybrid Offsprings of Large Fruit Sea Buckthorn Forms // Sea buckthorn – A Multipurpose Wonder Plant. Vol. IV. Emerging Trends in Research and Technologies / Еditor in Chief V. Singh. New Delhi, India: Daya Publishin House, 2014. Pp. 140–145. 26. Simon-Gruita A., Tataru E., Constantin N., Duta C.G., Pavlusenco C.E., Rat V., Rati L., Stoian V. The Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Sea Buckthorn Populations from Romania using RAPD markers // Romanian Biotechnological Letters. 2012. Vol. 17, no. 6. Pp. 7749–7756. 27. Singh V., Zubarev Y. Breading Strategies of Russian Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. mongolica) Varieties and Their Global Introduction // Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae L.) – A Multipurpose Wonder Plant. Vol. IV. Emerging Trends in Research and Technologies / Editor in Chief V. Singh. New Delhi, India: Daya Publishin House, 2014. Pp. 71–88. 28. Tang X., Tigerstedt P.M.A. Inheritance of Flowering, Maturity, Fruit Yield, and Winter Hardiness of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) // Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Seience. 2001. Vol. 126, iss. 6. Pp. 744–749. 29. Yao Y.M., Tigerstedt P.M. Isozyme Studies of Genetic Diversity and Evolution in Hippophae // Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 1993. No. 40, iss. 3. Pp. 153–164. Поступила 16.08.18 Ссылка на английскую версию:Genetic Variation in Growth Characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides L. Grown under Controlled Conditions
UDC 630*165.3:634.74+582.866 DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2018.5.26 GENETIC VARIATION IN GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L. GROWN UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS N.A. Demidova1, Candidate of Biological Sciences Gösta Eriksson2, PhD, professor 1Northern Research Institute of Forestry, ul. Nikitova, 13, Arkhangelsk, 163062, Russian Federation; e-mail: natalia.demidova@sevniilh-arh.ru 2Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Plant Biology, BioCenter, PO Box 7080, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden; e-mail: gosta.eriksson@slu.se The Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), being one of the most useful plants in the food and medical industry, is widely used for field amelioration, soil recultivation and restoration of disturbed lands. Knowledge about genetic parameters for important traits is a prerequisite for a successful breeding of any species. There are limited number of publications on withinpopulation variation for growth traits and frost hardiness of Sea buckthorn. The experiments were done under the controlled conditions in a climate chamber at the Department of Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Seedlings of Sea Buckthorn, originating from a controlled cross between three female plants and six male plants, as well as from an open pollination of mother plants, were grown under the controlled conditions until bud-set, a period of dormancy and an ensuing bud flush. Variation in growth, duration of growth period, earliness in bud flush and the fraction of frost-damaged buds after freezing were studied. Confirming previously reported observations, we found that Sea Buckthorn seedlings do not terminate growth at long nights, but low temperature treatment is needed. This lack of photoperiodic response stands in contrast to the majority of tree species in the temperate region. In this experiment, Sea Buckthorn reveals high level of genetic variance for growth and growth rhythm. The female variance component for the characteristics studied was higher than the male variance component, probably owing to seed size. The results analysis suggest that estimation of genetic parameters in Sea Buckthorn shall be based upon controlled crosses rather than on open pollinated progenies. The observed maternal effects indicate that seed weight may be a significant covariate in analyses of variance. The freezing test used in this experiment did not disclose any major genetic variance components responsible for the variation in fraction of damaged buds after freezing. Keywords: Sea Buckthorn, genetics, controlled cross, open pollination, female and male plants, seedlings, growth, frost hardiness REFERENCES 1. Besschetnov V.P. 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New Delhi, India, Daya Publishing House, 2014, pp. 140–145. 26. Simon-Gruita A., Tataru E., Constantin N., Duta C.G., Pavlusenco C.E., Rat V., Rati L., Stoian V. The Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Sea Buckthorn Populations from Romania Using RAPD Markers. Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 2012, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 7749–7756. 27. Singh V., Zubarev Y. Breading Strategies of Russian Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. mongolica) Varieties and Their Global Introduction. Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae L.) – A Multipurpose Wonder Plant. Vol. IV: Emerging Trends in Research and Technologies. Editor in Chief V. Singh. New Delhi, India, Daya Publishing House, 2014, pp. 71–88. 28. Tang X., Tigerstedt P.M.A. Inheritance of Flowering, Maturity, Fruit Yield, and Winter Hardiness of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides). Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Seience, 2001, vol. 126, iss. 6, pp. 744–749. 29. Yao Y.M., Tigerstedt P.M. Isozyme Studies of Genetic Diversity and Evolution in Hippophae. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 1993, no. 40, iss. 3, pp. 153–164. Received on August 16, 2018
For citation: Demidova N.A., Eriksson G. Genetic Variation in Growth Characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides L. Grown under Controlled Conditions. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Forestry Journal], 2018, no. 5, pp. 26–37. DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2018.5.26 |