Рост сеянцев ели Шренка (Picea schrenkiana) при предпосевной стимулирующей обработке семян. С. 39–51

УДК

631.531+631.8+635.92

DOI:

10.37482/0536-1036-2022-4-39-51

Аннотация

Уникальность биологии и распространения ели Шренка (Picea schrenkiana Fisch. & C.A. Mey.), большое лесохозяйственное значение и важные эколого-стабилизирующие функции ее насаждений на Северном Тянь-Шане обуславливают неослабевающий интерес исследователей разных стран к этому эндемичному виду. Однако на сегодняшний день многие его характеристики изучены слабо, крайне ограничены сведения об эффективности интродукции. Нами исследованы особенности роста и развития сеянцев ели Шренка в условиях Нижегородской области. Семена были заготовлены в естественных насаждениях на территории Алматинского государственного природного заповедника, который расположен в центральной части Заилийского Алатау на юго-востоке Казахстана. Высевание семян производили в питомнике открытого грунта при стимулирующей обработке биоактивными препаратами: силиплантом, феровитом, экофусом, корневином, гетероауксином, цирконом, экстрасолом, эпином и альбитом. Контролем выступало намачивание семян в воде в единой для всех вариантов экспозиции 24 ч. Эффект применения биоактивных веществ при предпосевной стимулирующей обработке семян ели Шренка выразился в активизации ростовых процессов надземной части ее сеянцев при интродукции в Нижегородскую область. Установлена неодинаковая длина 2-летней части осевого побега сеянцев по вариантам опыта. Наибольшие значения достигнуты в вариантах применения феровита (5,95±0,02 см), гетероауксина (5,62±0,16 см), экофуса (5,47±0,32 см) и альбита (5,49±0,015 см). Среднее значение составило 5,08±0,07 см. Ростовые характеристики сеянцев также реагируют на стимулирующее воздействие. Лучшие результаты и в этом случае показали препараты феровит (2,25±0,023 см) и гетероауксин (1,96±0,17 см). Менее контрастны различия по количеству боковых побегов. Однако и здесь прослеживаются ранее отмеченные тенденции: феровит – 1,42±0,25 шт., гетероауксин – 1,34±0,19 шт., альбит – 1,31±0,19 шт. Получено свидетельство о достаточном ресурсе природных условий региона для семенного размножения ели Шренка в открытом грунте и о существенном потенциале ее интродукции в Нижегородскую область.

Сведения об авторах

А.В. Кулькова¹, канд. с.-х. наук; ResearcherID: G-9517-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5200-233X
Н.Н. Бессчетнова¹, д-р с.-х. наук; ResearcherID: H-1343-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7140-8797
В.П. Бессчетнов1*, д-р биол. наук, проф.; ResearcherID: S-5889-2016, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5024-7464
Е.Ж. Кентбаев², д-р с.-х. наук, проф.; ResearcherID: G-7677-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3308-1287
Б.А. Кентбаева², д-р биол. наук, проф.; ResearcherID: G-8228-2019, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0969-9754
¹Нижегородская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия, просп. Гагарина, д. 97, г. Нижний Новгород, Россия, 603107; kulkova12@gmail.com, besschetnova1966@mail.ru, lesfak@bk.ru*
²Казахский национальный исследовательский аграрный университет, просп. Абая, д. 8, г. Алматы, Казахстан, 050010; kentbayev@mail.ru, kentbayeva@mail.ru

Ключевые слова

ель Шренка, интродукция, семенное размножение, стимуляторы роста, сеянцы, морфометрия, дисперсионный анализ, Нижегородская область

Для цитирования

Kul’kova A.V., Besschetnova N.N., Besschetnov V.P., Kentbaev Y.Zh., Kentbaeva B.A. Growth of Schrenk’s Spruce (Picea schrenkiana) Seedlings Related to the Pre-Sowing Stimulating Seed Treatment // Изв. вузов. Лесн. журн. 2022. № 4. С. 39–51. https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-4-39-51

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