Анализ термогравиметрических и кинетических данных различных видов древесного биотоплива Северо-западного региона Российской федерации

УДК

541.124

DOI:

10.17238/issn0536-1036.2016.1.167

Аннотация

Биотопливо является самым древним видом топлива, однако проблема его эффективного энергетического использования до сих пор остается актуальной во всем мире. Северо-Западный регион обладает огромными запасами древесины, поэтому для него наиболее важным является максимально эффективно использовать древесную биомассу в различных направлениях хозяйственной деятельности. Вовлечение в топливно-энергетический баланс древесного биотоплива позволяет уменьшить негативное влияние объектов энергетики на окружающую среду и сохранить потенциал невозобновляемых видов топлива для будущих поколений. В последнее время особый интерес вызывают исследования, направленные на изучение эффективности использования древесного биотоплива. Целью работы являлось исследование процесса термического разложения древесного биотоплива различных пород и определение кинетических характеристик процесса на основе термогравиметрических данных. Биотопливо разных пород древесины было собрано в Архангельской области. Исследования проводились как в инертной, так и окислительной средах при изменении температуры от 20 до 1300 °С и скорости нагрева 5, 10 и 20 °С/мин. Кинетический анализ был проведен в рамках термического разложения холоцеллюлозы различных видов биотоплива при использовании термогравиметрических данных, основанных на моделях Фридмана и Озава–Флинн–Уолла. Проведенные эксперименты позволили определить температурные диапазоны и скорость изменения массы древесного биотоплива при выходе летучих веществ, а также кинетические параметры, характеризующие этот процесс. Результаты выполненных исследований следует использовать при расчетах процессов и установок, связанных с термической подготовкой, энерготехнологической переработкой или сжиганием различных видов биотоплива.

Сведения об авторах

© П.А. Марьяндышев, инж.

А.А. Чернов, асп.

В.К. Любов, д-р техн. наук, проф.

Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, наб. Северной Двины, 17, г. Архангельск, Россия, 163002; e-mail: p.marjyandishev@narfu.ru, chernov.ksandr@gmail.com, vk.lubov@mail.ru

Ключевые слова

древесная биомасса, термический анализ, термогравиметрический анализ, синхронный термоанализатор, термический эффект, кинетика, энергия активации, предэкспоненциальный множитель

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Поступила 05.11.15

Ссылка на английскую версию:

Thermogravimetric and Kinetic Data Analysis of Wood Biofuels in the North-Western Region of the Russian Federation

UDC 541.124

DOI: 10.17238/issn0536-1036.2016.1.167

Thermogravimetric and Kinetic Data Analysis of Wood Biofuels in the North-Western Region of the Russian Federation

P.A. Mar'yandyshev, Engineer

A.A. Chernov, Postgraduate Student

V.K. Lyubov, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Professor

Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny, 17, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation; е-mail: p.marjyandishev@narfu.ru, chernov.ksandr@gmail.com, vk.lubov@mail.ru

Biofuel is the most ancient type of fuel, but the problem of its efficient energetical use remains relevant throughout the world. The northwest region has the huge reserves of wood, so it is very important to maximize the use of woody biomass in various areas of economic activity. Involvement of biofuels in the fuel and energy balance reduces the negative impact of the energy facilities on the environment and keeps the potential of non-renewable fuels for the future generations. Recently, the studies of the efficiency of wood biofuel usage are of very special interest. The purpose of the paper is to study the thermal decomposition of wood biofuels and to determine kinetic characteristics of the process on the basis of thermogravimetric data. Biofuels were collected in the Arkhangelsk region. The studies were carried out in the inert and oxidizing environments at the temperature range from 20…1300 °C and a heating rate of 5, 10 and 20 °C/min. Kinetic analysis was conducted in the framework of thermal decomposition of holocellulose of biofuels using the thermogravimetric data based on the Friedman and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall models. The experiments allowed us to determine the temperature range and the rate of change in weight of wood biofuel at volatile yield and kinetic parameters characterizing this process. The results of the studies should be used in the calculation of processes and systems of thermal treating, energy-technological fuel reprocessing or multifuel burning.

Keywords: wood biomass, thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, synchronous thermal analyzer, thermal effect, kinetics, activation energy, preexponential factor.

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24. Pasa V.M.D., Carazza F., Otani C. Wood Tar Pitch: Analysis and Conceptual Model of Its Structure. Developments in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion. Ed. by Bridgwater A.V., Boocock D.G.B. London, 1997, vol. 1, pp. 448–461.

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J. Therm. Anal. Calorimetry, 2012, no. 10.

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pp. 53–68.

31. Wang G., Li W., Li B.Q., Chen H.K. TG Study on Pyrolysis of Biomass and Its Three Components Under Syngas. Fuel, 2008, vol. 87, pp. 552–558.

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34. Zhengqi L., Chunlong L., Zhichao Ch., Juan Q., Wei Zh., Qunyi Zh. Analysis of Coals and Biomass Pyrolysis Using the Distributed Activation Energy Model. Bioresource Technology, 2013.

Received on November 05, 2015