Эрозия почвы во время ливней в производных лесах Северо-западного Кавказа

В.М. Ивонин1, д-р с.-х. наук, проф. А.В. Тертерян2, соискатель 1Новочеркасский инженерно-мелиоративный институт имени А.К. Кортунова Донского государственного аграрного университета, ул. Пушкинская, 111, г. Новочеркасск, Россия, 346428; е-mail: Ivoninforest @yandex.ru

2Пшишское лесничество КГУ «Комитет по лесу» Краснодарского края, ул. Первомайская, 4, пос. Октябрьский, Туапсинский р-н, Краснодарский край, Россия, 352818; е-mail: tertyrn-ashout@mail.ru

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Поступила 05.12.13

UDC 630*116.23

Soil Erosion During Rainstorms in the Second Growth of the Northwest Caucasus

V.M. Ivonin, Doctor of Agriculture, Professor A.V. Terteryan, Aspirant 1 Novocherkassk Engineering Meliorative Institute named after A.K. Kortunov of Don State Agrarian University, Pushkinskaya, 111, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia; е-mail: Ivoninforest @yandex.ru 2Pshishsk forestry, State Institution "Forest Committee" of the Krasnodar Territory, Pervomayskaya, 4, vill. Oktyabrskii, Tuapse District, Krasnodar Territory, 352818, Russia; е-mail: tertyrn-ashout@mail.ru

Article is devoted to elucidating the role of second growth of the Northwest Caucasus in protecting soil from erosion. These forests were formed as a result of felling of primary forests. A second growth of mountain river’s water catch deprived of his protective properties of primary forests. It increases the risk of waterflood during the precipitation with high intensity. In the second growth, is determined the dry weight of forest litter and grass cover. The first value (10 t/ha) is lack of interflow during the intensive precipitation, the second value (3, 25 t/ha) is no soil erosion. In addition, we have identified the following values that characterize the lack of soil erosion: the content of organic matter in the topsoil (≥ 7,6%), the coefficients of porosity (≥ 1,33), yield of strength (≥ 53%) and angle of internal friction between soil particles (≥ 22). Infraction of these critical values leads to the formation of interflow and soil erosion during heavy rains. The results of this studies can explain why the soil erosion in the forest occurs during the periods of intense of precipitation. It leads to bottled mountain rivers. It substantiates measures to protect soil from erosion in the second growth. These measures should ensure prevention of soil degradation and accumulation of forest litter under the forest canopy.

Keywords: second growth, interflow, soil erosion, forest litter.

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